The Merry Wives of Windsor

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Lust in the dust: Gerald Haston and Eric Thompson star in Sonoma County Repertory Theatre’s outdoor production of The Merry Wives of Windsor, Shakespeare’s randy comedy of romantic misadventure, opening Aug. 18 in Sebastopol.

Sonoma County Rep airs out Shakespeare

By Daedalus Howell

IT’S NOT uncommon to hear drunks caterwauling in the park–but it’s far rarer that their bawdy antics receive applause. Sonoma County Repertory Theatre hopes it’ll happen come Aug. 18, when Shakespeare’s paunchy merrymaker Sir John Falstaff and his brood begin a bender in Sebastopol’s Ives Park as part of the company’s outdoor production of The Merry Wives of Windsor.

SCR’s annual “Shakespeare in the Air” programming (later performances will be held in Courthouse Square in downtown Santa Rosa) is now in its eighth year and firmly fixed in the firmament of local theater tradition.

“Every year, people talk to me on the street and ask which Shakespeare we’re doing,” says SCR artistic and executive director Jim DePriest. “They talk to all their neighbors and friends and get all their kids to come out.”

Of all of Shakespeare’s creations, Falstaff is the most aligned with the Freudian concept of the id. The rotund rogue is completely motivated by his appetites–or at least those that originate in his stomach and below. In The Merry Wives of Windsor, Falstaff gets an eyeful of two comely wives of Windsor and schemes to seduce both of them. He is unaware, however, that the women share not only confidences, but also the identical love letters he has sent both of them. In retaliation, the ladies set about teaching Falstaff a lesson.

DePriest, who directs the play, credits the informal, rustic setting and the natural ambiance of the park (grass, trees, and limited plumbing) with supplementing the Shakespearean experience.

“Performing Shakespeare’s plays in parks is certainly nothing new, but what I think makes it so great is that having them outside just gives the play more of a festival feeling, especially when you’re serving food and wine,” he says, adding that theatergoers are encouraged to bring a picnic dinner or purchase one from the smorgasbord of catered suppers available at the evening shows.

Though DePriest has had success staging Shakespeare indoors, he enjoys the freedom outdoor productions afford both the theater artists and the audience–a fact that’s appreciated by theater companies around the North Bay .

Other Offerings Around the North Bay

“It’s a totally different feeling than being within the restrictions of those walls and rigid seating. Out at Ives Park, the audience can put out a blanket or a folding chair and spread their food out,” DePriest says. “It’s also different in terms of just basic ‘stage pictures,’ because if you have somebody turn upstage or even give a profile, their voice just goes off up into the timbers.”

DePriest also appreciates the “natural” setting the park lends to the outdoor shows and leaves much of the art direction of the productions to the civic planners and preservationists of yore.

“Some of the park’s trees have been there for probably a hundred years and are 70 and 80 feet tall,” he says. “They add a natural background to the stage that you can’t duplicate inside a theater. It’s just magical.”

Another bit of theatrical magic occurs with the physical transformation of veteran Sonoma County actor Gerald Haston into the mountainous, pleasure-seeking Falstaff. Seventy pounds of padding and one pair of lamb-chop whiskers later, Haston’s Falstaff looks something like a debauched Neil Young on a fare-thee-well tour.

“We’ve got him as big as the lobby of one of our theaters. At one point he has deer antlers on his head–it looks very funny,” says DePriest, who has a soft spot for the period evoked by Shakespeare’s comedy. “I like the period in which the play is written–you’ve got all the brightly colored costumes and actors coming up through the audience who could just reach out and grab somebody’s wine if they want to, they’re so close.”

THOUGH they’re too young to legally commandeer one’s cabernet, many younger actors are included in the production’s cast. Many of these folks were homegrown in the SCR’s in-house Young Actors Conservatory before graduating to the stage.

“We are very pleased to be able to cast students, current and alumni, when we have a role that is age- appropriate in one of our productions,” says artistic director Diane Bailey. She adds that on Sept. 3 at 4:30 p.m. an hourlong selection of scenes from Shakespeare’s oeuvre will be performed by some of the company’s young thespians, preceding one of the Courthouse Square engagements of The Merry Wives of Windsor.

“Because these students need to be able to act with professional actors, they receive specific coaching from the conservatory director, especially vocal training to meet the needs of performing outdoors,” says Bailey.

The Young Actors Conservatory’s present director, Steven David Martin, comes armed with 10 years of experience performing, directing, and teaching Shakespeare with the Alabama Shakespeare Festival. He has tailored this year’s conservatory curriculum to performing the Bard’s works.

“We’ve had great success with casting our most talented young actors in our Shakespeare productions because of our talented and dedicated conservatory directors, Jennifer King and Steven David Martin,” says Bailey. “The invaluable learning experience for our young actors is one they will carry with them their entire life and career.”

IN THE PAST, SCR has fielded calls from theatergoers concerned about the safety of attending a play performed in the urban jungle of a burgeoning metropolis like Santa Rosa–especially after sunset. Though bemused by such concerns, DePriest simply assures them that “Shakespeare in the Air” is relatively hazard-free entertainment.

“It’s interesting–when we were doing Shakespeare in Courthouse Square last summer, I had about 20 calls from people asking, “Is it really safe to come to downtown Santa Rosa at night?’ ” he recalls. “What that tells me is that the public perception of Santa Rosa is much different than the reality. It’s in that transition between a small town and a city.

“The people that called me took exception to people on the street asking them for quarters, or some of the kids over in the park who dress and do their hair differently than the rest of the population,” he continues. “They’re intimidated by that? God, I mean, this is a city! It has city problems and all kinds of people downtown, but, as I tell people, I feel perfectly safe walking downtown at night. It is quite a benign place, I think.”

Theatergoers, beware: Roving merrymakers abound in city parks through August. Be particularly wary of the fat ones wearing antlers.

The Merry Wives of Windsor begins Friday, Aug. 18, with a gala fundraising dinner and performance. Tickets for the fundraiser are $50 and must be purchased in advance. Subsequent performances run through Aug. 27 (except for Monday, Aug. 21, when there is no show) at Ives Park in Sebastopol; audiences should bring lawn chairs or blankets and can bring picnics or purchase boxed dinners for $5 to $8 at the park. The play moves to Santa Rosa’s Old Courthouse Square Sept. 1&-3. Both venues open at 5:30 p.m., with a 7 p.m. curtain. Admission is $15. Tickets are $5 for the Young Shakespeare performance on the square Sept. 3 at 4::30 p.m. All performances free for kids 12 and under. For details, call 544-7278.

From the August 10-16, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Community/Law Enforcement Relations

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Deadly toll: Outside the 1998 U.S. Civil Rights Commission hearing, demonstrators erected a makeshift memorial to those killed in police-involved incidents.

Blue Shield

Forum focuses on police relations

By Greg Cahill

LOCAL LAW enforcement officials mostly dismissed the findings of a 1998 U.S. Civil Rights Commission panel critical of police practices and policies that may have contributed to the deaths of several people over a two-year period. But a group of progressive organizations, politicians, and media won’t put the issue to rest.

Cruz Reynoso, the former California State Supreme Court Justice and vice chair of the U.S. Civil Rights Commission, will be the keynote speaker at an Aug. 10 forum on community/law enforcement relations in the Sonoma County. Reynoso, who served on the Supreme Court from 1982 to 1987, participated in the daylong standing-room-only hearing in Santa Rosa at which the panel heard testimony from law enforcement officials and angry citizens. He will deliver a talk titled “Police Abuse: Can We Change the Culture?”

The final report, leaked to the press in late May, criticized law enforcement for several police-involved shootings, including the killing of Rohnert Park resident Kuan Chung Kao. It also portrayed police as out of step with community relations. “Even given the abnormally high number of police-involved deaths in recent years . . . local law enforcement continued to paint a peaceful picture of police-community [relations] that defied all belief,” commissioner Yvonne Lee wrote in the report. “Instead of using the hearing to candidly respond to issues and concerns of the community, local law enforcement chose to raise a blue shield in defense and deny that any such problems existed at all.

“And yet, as my colleague the Honorable Cruz Reynoso noted, I have rarely walked into a situation where I felt the relations were as tense.”

In the appendix to the report, Reynoso wrote that after hearing testimonies he was shocked by the depth of the rift between local law enforcement and citizens. “It was as if there were two Santa Rosas and two Sonoma Counties,” he noted.

For the most part, local law enforcement officials dismissed the report as biased.

“The one point we’re trying to get across to these guys is that until they recognize there is a problem, there can be no dialogue,” says Mary Moore, a west county activist who is helping organize the event. “Instead of acknowledging the problem, they just circle the wagons.”

Santa Rosa Police Chief Mike Dunbaugh says he is disappointed that organizers of the forum have not asked for police participation. He says many of the recommendations outlined in the report are either already in effect or planned, and points out that others–like the call for a citizen police review board–are vague.

Commissioner Lee also has argued that the police community must acknowledge the problem before it can begin to address the situation. “To treat a patient, a doctor must first diagnose the illness,” she continued. “Similarly, to heal a community, all groups must first acknowledge the rift that has grown between them. Before there can be any serious efforts to improve police-community relations, the law enforcement community needs to come to the table as a willing and sincere partner, open to recognizing concerns and viewpoints which may be different from its own.”

Among those sponsoring the police relations forum are the ACLU of Sonoma County; journalist Martin Lee, co-founder of FAIR; the NAACP of Santa Rosa; and the Sonoma Civil Rights Action Project.

The event will be held Thursday, Aug. 10, at 7 p.m. at the First Methodist Church, 1151 Montgomery Drive, Santa Rosa. For details, contact Mary Moore at 874-2248.

From the August 3-9, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

DaVero olive oil company

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Fruit of her labor: Colleen McGlynn rides the Olive Oil Express.

Liquid Gold

Healdsburg couple strikes oil

By Paula Harris

COLLEEN MCGLYNN, dressed casually, with a blunt haircut, glasses, and a dazzling smile that lights up her tanned face, is preparing a little something to nibble in her impressive kitchen. The open room boasts shelves of cookbooks, rows of wine glasses, and a chunky antique weighing scale. A classical-music radio station renders soft piano music. Outside is a pond populated by cranky geese and surrounded by olive groves. More than 4,500 olive trees on 22 acres on the edge of Healdsburg, to be precise. That “nibble” McGlynn is preparing is sure to involve olive oil.

Sure enough, McGlynn pours a slim stream of fragrant olive oil from an old flacon of thick greenish glass onto a white saucer. The unmistakable scent of Meyer lemons rises up from the golden glistening pool. She rips handfuls of crusty bread into bite-sized chunks for dipping–for saturating–and pours out a small glass of red wine. The humble “meal” is complete.

As co-owner of DaVero olive oil company, with husband Ridgely Evers, McGlynn could be dubbed the county’s Olive Oil Empress. The Dry Creek Valley appellation oil produced by this Healdsburg company was the first American oil to earn the prestigious extra-virgin designation in Europe. Three years ago, the Sonoma County oil won over Italian and French equivalents during a blind tasting in Imperia, Italy.

The ever-proud McGlynn is obviously truly in love with her product. “Oil is so good–it’s just tremendously rich and vibrant and tasty,” she enthuses. “It’s more that just a fat, it’s a flavor.”

She even teaches classes on how to “taste” the extra-virgin elixir. “Note how the oil feels in your mouth. It should fill your senses without coating your palate,” she instructs. “A good oil will make its presence known, then move on. An inferior oil will linger, leaving you feeling like you’ve licked paint.”

However, McGlynn wasn’t always the expert. She grew up on a dairy farm in Wisconsin, where cans of Bertoli olive oil, imported in bulk, and a couple of wizened garlic heads wrapped in cellophane were considered the height of glamour and sophistication. “Wildly exotic and precious,” she recalls with a grin. “I was captivated. That’s when I began to love food.” She embarked on a culinary career, eventually landing a job as a chef at Stars Restaurant in San Francisco.

AFTER FIVE YEARS at Stars, she and two friends opened the now-defunct Samba Java restaurant on Healdsburg plaza. In 1990, Evers and McGlynn planted the first olive trees from precious cuttings discovered in Tuscany. McGlynn currently splits her time between the olive oil business and catering, while Evers, 49, besides making oil, also runs an Internet startup company. But producing the organic gourmet olive oil keeps them plenty busy.

“Just as with wine, it’s the fruit you start with that determines everything,” explains McGlynn. “And oil, unlike wine, is best when freshest with no manipulation–you pick and crush as soon as you can, you handle the fruit carefully, you press it, and that’s it. Unlike wine, where you blend and create flavors, you don’t want to interfere with the product.”

She carefully holds up the green bottle. Caresses it.

But it’s not all romance among the groves: the nitty-gritty reality of being olive farmers can take its toll. Besides being an extremely slow crop, requiring many years to mature, the fruit is also highly susceptible to weather changes. In addition, the recent appearance in the Los Angeles area of the olive fruit fly, a destructive pest that is the olive industry’s equivalent of the grape biz’s glassy-winged sharpshooter, is a major cause for concern. “It’s a huge deal,” says Mc- Glynn. “[The pest] is now in Southern California and is working its way up. It could be a huge problem.”

Besides increased delimitation trapping and larval surveys to find out whether the pest is out there, the California Department of Food and Agriculture is hiring staff for expanded trap monitoring and seeking additional state funding to gauge the problem. Still, so far the isolated DaVero farm has seen no sign of the pest, so life continues and the organic oil is produced.

DURING HARVEST time, two tons of olives per day are picked, transported to Marin County, and pressed with a traditional granite stone and hydraulic press at Frantoio Restaurant in Mill Valley.

The oil produced is for finishing and dressing food rather than for heat cooking, which would burn off all the fruit flavors. According to McGlynn, the product contains a harmony of flavors that needs no additives. “There’s a green freshness, a pepper taste, and a little bitter tone,” she says.

The couple has just introduced the Meyer lemon version of the original oil. Whole Meyer lemons and mission olives are crushed together with the estate oil to give more body, structure, and a slight floral taste. “It’s unlike infused oil where they stick something in to flavor it. Here, the oil of two fruits emulsifies,” Mc- Glynn explains.

The result is a vibrant, bright, fresh flavor–perfect drizzled on butter lettuce or to finish a dish of fettuccine with sautéed shrimp, pepper flakes, and garlic.

And if McGlynn and Evers get weary of olives, there’s always that old Sonoma County standby–wine grapes. “We just planted five acres of grapes. In four years we’ll have Da- Vero sangiovese,” reveals McGlynn. She looks out wistfully at the static pond. “Hmm, maybe we’ll create a whole DaVero line.”

From the August 3-9, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Nonviolent Drug Offenses

Jailhouse Blues

460,000 busted for drugs–and counting

By Kelly Virella

NEARLY one quarter of America’s prisoners–almost 460,000 people–are behind bars for nonviolent drug offenses, reports a disturbing new study released by the Justice Policy Institute, a think-tank advocating criminal-justice reform.

That number reflects a staggering increase in drug-related convictions over the past decade–from 38,541 in 1986 to 148,092 in 1996. The cost of incarcerating these nonviolent drug offenders nationwide will rise to $9.4 billion this year, the report says.

“America does indeed have a drug problem,” states Vincent Schiraldi, director of the Justice Policy Institute and co-author of the report. “And that problem is that we’ve focused on imprisonment as the near-exclusive solution to substance abuse, while giving short shrift to treatment and prevention.”

Rep. John Conyers, Jr., D-Michigan, used the occasion of the report’s release to introduce legislation that would divert more nonviolent drug offenders from incarceration to rehabilitation. “The casualties from this nation’s drug war have continued to mount, with no end in sight,” says Conyers. “Only by breaking the cycle of abuse, trafficking, and incarceration can we find a way out of this nightmare.”

“We are spending $9 billion to guarantee recidivism,” a senior member of Conyers’ staff added. “Without intervention, these offenders will end up in jail for life or get out and become permanent SSI [disability payment] recipients.”

The legislation Conyers proposed is an omnibus bill aggregating several drug reform initiatives, including more funding for treatment, alternative sentencing guidelines, greater post-treatment support, and a new program to ease the offenders’ re-entry into society.

In an important departure from previous legislation, Conyers’ bill would vest federal judges, rather than prosecutors, with the discretion to divert nonviolent offenders to treatment. Prosecutors who must choose between treatment and incarceration face a natural conflict of interest, Conyers’ staff member said.

Though their actions may not yet reflect it, political players over a wide spectrum are starting to agree that treatment for drug abuse is more effective than punishment. However, the definition of “treatment” has become a contentious battleground, with legislators locking heads over issues such as who should qualify for treatment, how extensive it should be, and who decides which offenders to treat and which to jail.

Conyers’ bill notwithstanding, most of these battles are being fought at the state level. In Arizona, the runaway success of a quite extensive treatment program has inspired reformers in other states to push their treatment laws further. Californians, who already have special “drug courts,” will soon vote on Proposition 36, a statewide initiative that would mandate treatment over incarceration for certain drug crimes, instead of just making treatment an option.

Although the proposition would save an estimated $100 million to $150 million a year, opponents of the measure argue it is the wrong approach. “Proposition 36 will seriously undermine effective drug treatment in California by preventing judges from instituting sanctions like short periods of jail time to change the behavior of uncooperative patients,” said the spokeswoman for Californians United against Drug Abuse, a group opposed to Proposition 36. These opponents describe the measure as a ruse that “decriminalizes drugs” and prefer that greater funding be allocated for more treatment under the current system, in which judges divert offenders from incarceration on a case-by-case basis.

The spokesman for the California Campaign for New Drug Policies, the organization that pushed Proposition 36 onto the November ballot, denied these characterizations of the measure. “What it boils down to is that we want to make everyone presumptively eligible for treatment–making treatment the norm, not the exception. We want to treat 95 percent of drug offenders, as opposed to the 5 percent we are treating now.”

Similar battles are being waged in states across the nation, where harsh drug laws are taking serious social and economic tolls. In New York, a judicially driven reform effort has proposed to divert 10,000 drug offenders into treatment instead of incarceration. Michigan recently modified its mandatory sentencing system–one of the oldest in the country–to be less harsh for drug offenders.

DESPITE these changes, and although only 36 states have mandatory minimum sentencing laws for drug offenses, 48 states have drastically increased their drug-related incarcerations since 1986. California, Louisiana, and New Jersey led the pack with increases of 134 percent, 106 percent, and 85.6 percent, respectively.

Even without mandatory sentencing laws, many states have corralled more drug users into prison by policing more aggressively, issuing longer sentences, and abolishing parole, explains JPI’s Schiraldi.

“Also, racial profiling and targeting neighborhoods that are predominantly black have created an influx into the criminal-justice system,” he says. The statistics in the report echo this observation. “Blacks are incarcerated for a drug offense at a rate 14 times that of whites,” the report states, “while survey data reveals that five times as many whites use drugs as blacks.”

All of these issues were addressed in detail at the July 29 Shadow Convention in Philadelphia, emceed by media celebrity Arianna Huffington, and will be re-addressed at an Aug. 11 Shadow Convention in Los Angeles, both gatherings geared to coincide with the Republican and Democratic national conventions.

From the August 3-9, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Electra

Domestic violence: Brooks Ralston (left), Elisabeth Kirby, Melanie Bandera, and Lindsey Andersen discover the downside of family life in Electra.

Dramatically Dull

Well-intentioned ‘Electra’ a muddled mess

By Daedalus Howell

GERMAN philosopher Friedrich Schlegel once wrote, “Good drama must be drastic.” But drastic drama isn’t necessarily good. For instance, witness the newly formed traveling ensemble Staged Hereafter’s stringent redux of Sophocles’ Electra.

Directed by Susannah Woods from an adaptation by her and Helen Kongsgaard, the production, though difficult and awkwardly muddled, has at least two redeeming features–it’s outdoors and it’s free.

Woods’ project is noble. She wants to bring theater to communities around the Bay Area free of charge (a positively heroic notion given the fact that tickets to local shows are often $15 each). She also wants to provide a forum for the surplus of actors willing to trample the footlights. However, uneven casting and laggard pacing mar the ensemble’s debut show.

Electra is a family portrait painted in blood. Understanding the characters’ motivations requires familiarity with King Agamemnon’s rap sheet. He murders the husband of Clytemnestra (Elisabeth Kirby) in front of her, rips her suckling infant from her breast, and commits infanticide, then forcibly weds the bereaved widow and begets three daughters and a son.

Mercifully, this prescription for family happiness occurs only in the program in the form of a prologue.

Alas, Clytemnestra reaches her breaking point and (in lieu of calling social services) enlists her lover, Aegisthus (Brooks Ralston), to kill the despotic king.

Electra (Melanie Bandera), the middle daughter and apparent victim of the aphorism “Father knows best,” proves herself the consummate Daddy’s girl by bearing a grudge against her mother so vitriolic it makes Mommy Dearest read like a greeting card. She sends her kid brother, Orestes (Gabriel Weiss), off to the temples of Apollo, where he spends 10 years plotting to avenge his father’s death.

And this is where Woods’ production begins. What happens? Orestes comes home and kills his mother, proving once and for all that the family that slays together stays together.

As Electra, Bandera proves herself a studied and pensive actress unafraid to explore the emotional range of her character. Of course, that range turns out to have only one note–despair. Bushels full.

Armond Edward Dorsey does a fine turn as Paedagogus, the loyal servant who had hidden the young Orestes for years. Dorsey is captivating during a monologue in which he recounts a bogus story of his charge’s death in a chariot race (Chariots of Liar?). Indeed, one wishes he’d simply relay the remainder of the play in the same competent if blustery manner.

Since Electra is staged outdoors, audiences are encouraged to make themselves comfortable–as one gentleman did at a performance of this production at the Marin Art and Garden Center in Ross. He lay down on the bench seating and napped.

Bringing classics to the stage free of charge is to be applauded. But in this case, you get what you pay for.

Electra hits the stage on Friday and Saturday, Aug. 4 and 5, at 6:30 p.m. at Pride Mountain Vineyards, 4026 Spring Mountain Road, St. Helena. Free. 415/ 258-1989.

From the August 3-9, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Lawrence Pech Company/Valley of the Moon Festival

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Dynamic duo: Lawrence Pech and Wendy van Dyck team up.

Prime Mover

Lawrence Pech Company brings ballet and music to Valley of the Moon Festival

By Paula Harris

LAWRENCE PECH is a fortunate man. The accomplished ballet dancer and choreographer, a Glen Ellen resident whose dance company will this weekend stage the second annual Valley of the Moon Festival of the Performing Arts at Sonoma’s Bartholomew Park Winery, has not only thrived in the demanding dance world, but has also successfully conquered devastating health problems.

Pech’s triumphant career was set in motion in 1977 when he received formal training at the American Ballet Theater school on a full scholarship. His good fate continued when ballet star Mikhail Baryshnikov invited Pech to join ABT, where Pech danced for several years. He later went on to became principal dancer with the San Francisco Ballet.

Eleven years ago, on his 30th birthday, the lithe dancer was diagnosed with lymphoma. The cancerous disease was ravaging his spinal column. “I thought I’d never dance again,” he remembers.

Miraculously, though, Pech beat the debilitating illness and returned to the stage cancer-free. The artist then established his own 12-member troupe, the Lawrence Pech Dance Company. For the past three years, he’s also held the plum job of ballet master for the San Francisco Opera.

” ‘He knew he was really lucky,’ that’s gonna be on my tombstone,” says Pech, 40, with a slight laugh. But then he pauses thoughtfully.

He’s wondering whether some of that luck may be finally running out.

Pech is currently struggling to maintain his 5-year-old San Francisco&-based dance troupe amid financial woes and lack of public support. It’s all taking a toll in various ways. For example, the company recently scrapped the official Lawrence Pech Dance Company website because Pech could no longer afford to keep it up and running.

“It’s so hard having an arts organization,” Pech laments. He explains that his work is 80 percent administration and only 20 percent art. “I’m learning to be a businessman,” he adds, somewhat grudgingly. “But it’s tough finding the dollar.”

The dancer mentions that an eight-month plan to stage the Valley of the Moon Festival of the Performing Arts at another, more well-known local winery (which he declines to name publicly) fell through when the winery abruptly pulled out of the sponsorship and a planned $192,000 budget evaporated.

Although Pech claims he can’t get the word out about this year’s festival, since the website is down and he “can’t afford ads,” he is nevertheless optimistic about the show and excited about bringing more dance to the Sonoma County area, which he loves.

“I commute to San Francisco, but I’ve been living in Glen Ellen for three years. It’s my sanctuary,” says the artist. “I grew up in the Denver Rockies, so I’m a real nature boy at heart.”

But while living in Sonoma County, Pech says, he realized something was missing. “I became aware of all the wineries and their special arts events, but I saw there’s no dance up here,” he says. “There’s lots of music, lots of jazz, some Shakespeare–but no dance.”

Pech aims to change all that. He was featured dancer in the Mountain Play’s 1998 production of Hello, Dolly! at Jack London State Park. And the dance company plans to continue staging the Valley of the Moon Festival of the Performing Arts, an annual event which features both classical and modern dance and music in an outdoor venue.

This year’s program promises a melange of different music and ballet moves that will take the audience on a chronological journey through dance and music styles.

It opens with Concerto, a ballet for five dancers choreographed by Pech to the music of George Frederick Handel. “This is the most classical of the offerings,” says Pech.

Additional performances will include Pech and co-artistic director Wendy Van Dyck dancing Embraceable You, Ginger Thatcher’s pas de deux set to the music of Ira and George Gershwin as recorded by Etta James, which Pech describes as “smoky and almost ballroomesque.”

Also featured will be the pas de deux from Critters, Pech’s ballet about the rituals and rhythms of the natural world, set to an original score by Bay Area composer Cindy Cox. “This dance is about the mating ritual of the praying mantis,” explains Pech. “It’s quite sinister and very contemporary and fierce–the woman devours the male.”

OTHER FESTIVAL highlights will include opera arias by soprano Estelle Kruger accompanied by pianist Michael Schroeder, a Stephen Sondheim medley by cabaret singer Meg MacKay, and music by the pop-jazz fusion quartet Bogo.

Pech certainly doesn’t balk at taking chances with his work, blending the classical with the contemporary and delighting in the experimental. He wants to change the traditional image of ballet.

“There’s a stigma about ballet,” he explains. “People think they’re going to see a bunch of swans and a hero in white tights, but what we do gets more contemporary. We’re technically adept enough to do Swan Lake if we want to, but we want to introduce something more.”

The introductions don’t stop there. If all goes according to plan and the funding and community support are there, Pech will next year introduce an educational component to the festival. He envisions using the week before the performances to bring in artists and choreographers to teach school students about dance, culminating in a performance.

“We would have morning workshops and afternoon rehearsals, and the students would perform in the festival,” he explains. “It would be great, because dancing isn’t taught in schools. Cheerleading is about as far as it gets. Dancing is such a rich life, but if you aren’t exposed to it early on, you’ll go off and do other things.”

So has Pech seen an increase of dance in Sonoma County recently?

“Not yet,” he replies. “But we’re hoping to turn the tide. I know people want more of the art form up here–but I’m really looking to the community to see what’s possible.”

The Valley of the Moon Festival of the Performing Arts takes place Saturday and Sunday, Aug. 5 and 6, at 7:30 p.m., with a pre-performance reception on Saturday from 6 to 7 p.m. Bartholomew Park Winery, 1000 Vineyard Lane (at the end of Castle Road), Sonoma. Tickets in advance are $30 for adults, $15 for children (12 and under); at the door, $35 for adults, $20 for children. Tickets for the reception, performance, and a chance to meet the performers are $75. For reservations, call 415/392-4400.

From the August 3-9, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Screw-tops Replace Corks on Wine Bottles

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Screw This!

PlumpJack winery finds an alternative to that old standby, the cork

By Bob Johnson

THE UNIQUE SOUND that one hears when a cork is removed from the neck of a wine bottle is immediately recognizable. Like the haunting echo of a summer thunderclap, or the meeting of a tightly wound baseball with the sweet spot of a power hitter’s bat, it is a sound that defies mere words; it must be heard to be fully appreciated.

Some believe that the popping sound of a cork is one of the key ingredients of the “wine experience.” Just as important as how the liquid glistens in a glass. Nearly as critical as how the wine tastes.

That unmistakable pop evokes anticipation and symbolizes celebration. It is what separates wine from other beverages both physiologically and metaphorically.

And that is why it is difficult to imagine the pop of a cork ever being replaced by the quick snap and muted metal-on-metal grinding of a screw-cap.

Still, I have been on record as believing the day would come when screw-tops replaced corks as the bottle closures of choice among winemakers.

I wasn’t sure it would happen within our lifetimes, mind you, but I’ve been confident of the eventuality, given the “failure rate” of corks combined with the escalating prices of fine wine. I figured that at some point, wine drinkers would gladly trade the snob appeal and calculated risk of cork for the foolproof quality guarantee of screw-tops.

Now, that “point” has been defined, at least by one Napa Valley winery.

PlumpJack, a winery that calls Oakville home, will release half of its 1997 Reserve Cabernet Sauvignon–150 of 300 cases–with twist-off screw-caps.

It’s a move fully supported by Gordon Getty, the wealthy philanthropist who is a part owner of the winery. Getty, like so many wine lovers, has been frustrated time and again by encountering wines that are “corked,” their aromas and flavors negatively affected to the point that the drinking experience simply is not enjoyable.

So when PlumpJack’s crew went looking for an alternative to corks, the most effective choice that came to mind was the screw-cap.

Regardless of how a wine is packaged–barrel with spigot, plastic bag inside a cardboard box, or glass bottle with a cork stopper–the goal is the same: safely transporting the wine from its place of origin to the glass.

The container of choice since the 1600s has been the bottle and cork, and the basic form has changed little since the 1700s. Whereas other products have their packaging redesigned at the snap of a marketing manager’s fingers, the continuity of the bottle and cork through the centuries has given the wine bottle an image that is unparalleled. In point of fact, for many people, the bottle and cork are synonymous with a quality wine.

That’s a misconception, to some degree, because a certain amount of wine–estimated at between 3 and 7 percent–is ruined, or at least compromised from a quality perspective, by tainted corks. This is especially true in restaurants, where heat can be an issue.

BACTERIA in the cork or chemical compounds inadvertently created during the cork-making process can pass into the wine and spoil its aroma and flavor. Nobody knows why this happens; if they did, “corked” wines would be a nonissue.

In recent years, vintners have experimented with synthetic materials formed into the shape of corks. Most have been effective in keeping the wine in the bottle protected from air, but they’ve also gained a reputation for being somewhat difficult to remove from the neck of the bottle.

Screw-tops remain the best alternative, but winemakers shudder to think of the image screw-tops would project from a marketing standpoint, since they traditionally have been used as seals for those low-quality, high-alcohol wines found on skid row.

It is one of the great ironies of the vino world that wines least in need of quality protection utilize the most effective closures, while high-quality wines that need protection use less-effective closures.

So it will be very telling to see how PlumpJack’s screw-topped bottles are accepted in the marketplace. Interestingly, the winery is not skirting the issue; rather, it’s tackling it head-on.

Those who wish to purchase the 1997 Reserve Cabernet Sauvignon with the more secure screw-top will actually pay a premium for the privilege. Bottles with the traditional corks will retail for $125. Those with screw-tops will command a $135 price tag.

Which brings another unmistakable sound to mind . . .

Ca-ching!

From the August 3-9, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Wine Country Film Festival/Kirk Douglas

The original gladiator: Kirk Douglas may not don his Spartacus gear for his Aug. 12 appearance at the Wine Country Film Festival, but the doughty cinematic warrior leads the festival’s charge into Sonoma County.

Living Legend

Wine Country Film Festival celebrates the outsized career of Kirk Douglas

By Richard von Busack

KIRK DOUGLAS hails from a time when the movies were big, in a way they aren’t now. Douglas, who will be honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award at the Wine Country Film Festival on Saturday, Aug. 12, channeled the outsized emotions of a wide-screen movie age. He had those fierce eyes, the most indomitable chin in movie history, and teeth that looked like they could take a bite out of a granite boulder.

Douglas’ The Vikings opened in 1958 in New York at one of those long-gone theaters where thousands could sit together and watch a movie. Above it was a marquee–and if you’re under 25 you’ve never seen how enormous New York theater marquees once were. They could be 50 feet wide and 40 feet tall, the name of the theater crawling up the side of a building in blazing letters visible for a mile.

Above this sizzling monstrosity of screaming neon and high-voltage electricity, imagine an immense billboard with the curved prow of a life-sized Viking ship bursting out of it. A half-ship hanging “ten stories,” says Douglas in his autobiography, above the sidewalk. On the opening night of his movie, Douglas had himself pulled up to the ship by rope, where he broke a bottle of champagne on the prow. Here’s the punch line of the story, as Douglas writes it: “In those days, that seemed like nothing to me.”

The easiest way to describe the character of Kirk Douglas onscreen is as a “postwar heel,” as Petaluma’s own Pauline Kael described him. “Antihero” is too weak a term for Douglas; more often he was more like an antivillain.

Not that Douglas was always just a tough customer onscreen. He acted the gamut of uncivilized men, from seething barbarians to jolly sailors (as in the fine adaptation of 20,000 Leagues under the Sea). Douglas also played Spartacus and the proto&-Jake LaMotta boxer in Champion. Among these tormented characters, he assayed a version of van Gogh, sacred yet irascible, in 1956’s Lust for Life.

Douglas can sometimes be too much for the tastes of the modern audience. If Douglas draws so much rage from his youth, as he says in his 1988 autobiography, The Ragman’s Son, maybe his acting is like the big emotions of our immigrant parents. He shows those sentiments that embarrass comfortable sons and daughters; he displays the great appetites that dismay well-fed children.

He was born Issur Danielovitch, though he sometimes answered to Isidore Demsky. He was one of seven children of illiterate Russian immigrants, Jews in the Wasp-run factory town of Amsterdam, N.Y. The man who later became Kirk Douglas describes his father, an alcoholic junkman, as a “bulvan.” Here’s how Leo Rosten translates the Yiddish word, which Rosten says is also spelled “bulvon”: “a gross, thick-headed, thick-skinned oaf. . . . No English word carries quite the sneer of bulvon, or quite the implicit devaluation of brute strength. . . . A bulvon has no sensitivity, no insight, no spiritual graces.”

The light in this household was Douglas’ mother, whom he loved so much that he named his production company, Bryna, after her. In college, he was on the wrestling team and got into theater. After the war–in which he was an officer on a submarine destroyer–Douglas returned to the stage in New York and then came to Hollywood and found success.

Beginning as a postwar heel in film noirs, Douglas prospered in Westerns, always as a smooth Doc Holliday&- type dude killer. In later Westerns, Douglas turned these interpretations baroque. He played a flagellant in 1967’s The Way West. One of the only things both Kael and Douglas could remember from the ’67 Douglas/John Wayne movie The War Wagon was that his gunman villain was so fancy that he wore rings on the outside of his leather gauntlets. In other movies, Douglas lost piece after piece of himself, like the Tin Woodman in the Oz books. “He left a finger in [Howard] Hawks’s The Big Sky, an ear in Lust for Life, and an eye in The Vikings,” critic David Thomson notes in A Biographical Dictionary of Film.

Douglas’ trick was showing us the best qualities of a bulvan, the stoic endurance of physical pain, as well a physical man’s exuberance, lustiness, and strutting intensity.

At worst, that self-confidence can become arrogance. Douglas’ 1988 autobiography pays back many directors and writers who didn’t see things his way. But somehow the actor missed Martin Amis, who wrote the script for Douglas’ 1980 flop Saturn 3. Amis writes about a Douglas-like character in his novel Money.

The big star changes the focus of the modest, realistic little working-class Londoner film the novel’s protagonist, John Self, is writing. The star insists on a nude scene, stripping to convince Self: “Does this look like the body of a 60-year-old man?” It’s fiction, but note that the 64-year-old Douglas did a nude scene in Saturn 3.

Douglas is devastating on the subject of Stanley Kubrick complaining for decades about not being in complete control of Paths of Glory and Spartacus. Yet these two films were better than many Kubrick did on his own watch, so Douglas obviously knew something.

Douglas is bringing to the Wine Country Film Festival a favorite movie, 1962’s Lonely Are the Brave. The film is based on the novel The Brave Cowboy, written by Edward Abbey before his days as the poet laureate of Earth First! In The Ragman’s Son, Douglas says that few of the movies he loved the most made much money. Very well, that’s the feeling any filmmaker has toward orphaned nonhits. Except in this case, Douglas is right again–Lonely Are the Brave is one of his best.

As a last cowboy on a last ride, Douglas’ John “Jack” Burns is a lady’s dream of a hero–courtly, peaceful, surrounded with a nimbus of self-amusement. Unfortunately, they won’t let Jack be–fenced-up, heavily trafficked New Mexico has no room for him.

AN UNUSUALLY fine cast supports Douglas. Carroll O’Connor plays a symbolic truck driver, the late Walter Matthau is first-rate as the no-nonsense sheriff on Burns’ trail, and the lovely young Gena Rowlands is the woman Jack has to leave behind.

Dalton Trumbo’s screenplay sometimes spells it all out too clearly. And then there’s the movie’s motto: “Do what you want to and the hell with everyone else.” That might warm the libertarian heart, but isn’t that the slogan of the spoilers of the West–the oilmen, the ranchers, the Hurwitzes?

Still, there are lines of unmitigated cowboy poetry. Burns tells one assailant that the hot-tempered never prosper: “You’ll end up with your belly turned to the sun, your best suit on, and no place to go but hell.”

Lonely Are the Brave had a profound influence on Sam Shepard–remember John Malkovich softly describing the film’s ending in the PBS version of Shepard’s True West? So it’s a movie that was important in making our vision of the new West.

Still, Douglas, now 83, is bemused by being frequently remembered as the father of Michael Douglas, and that’s how he ends his autobiography.

No doubt Michael Douglas draws some of his intensity from having faced a man like Kirk Douglas across the breakfast table. Despite a bad stroke, Kirk Douglas is still acting and still avid. Kirk Douglas will probably achieve immortality the way Woody Allen described it, not just through the creation of immortal work, but through not dying.

The Wine Country Film Festival comes to Sonoma County for its two-week second section, which runs from Aug. 3 to Aug. 13. Films screen at the Sebastiani Theater, Valley of the Moon Cinema, and Roxy Stadium 14. For details, consult the festival’s program (available at many local bookstores, including Copperfield’s), log on to www.winecountryfilmfest.com, or call 935-3456.

Kirk Douglas appears on Saturday, Aug. 12, at a tribute dinner, reception, and screening of Lonely Are the Brave at the Wine Country Film Festival. The evening starts at 6:30 p.m. at Valley of the Moon Cinema, Jack London State Park, Glen Ellen. $35 (tribute and film only) or $125. RSVP by Aug. 6. 935-3456.

From the August 3-9, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Petaluma Summer Music Festival

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Bringing down the house: Musicians Lynne Dubin, Daniel Celidore, and Marie Gonzalez gear up for the Petaluma Summer Music Festival, while behind them one of the locations for the festival’s Music in the Mansions series bides its time.

Petaluma Summer Music Festival offers new notes and old favorites

By Karen Schell

WHEN MARVIN Klebe began his quest for the perfect small-town opera house some three decades ago, acoustics were foremost on his mind. The North Dakota farm kid who became an acclaimed San Francisco opera singer was looking for the ideal location to create intimate musical theater–and he wasn’t willing to sacrifice sound quality. When Klebe tried out his formidable baritone in a rundown red schoolhouse on a hill in Petaluma, he proclaimed, “This is it!”

That discovery ended Klebe’s search, and so the Cinnabar Theatre was born. Over the years, the theater that Klebe founded in 1970 has acquired a sterling reputation for offering both high-quality operetta and a broad repertoire of other events.

Among the most popular of Cinnabar’s eclectic offerings is the Petaluma Summer Music Festival, now in its 13th year. This season, the actual organizing of the festival was something of a memorial to Klebe, who died of cancer last summer at the age of 63.

“Last year he took ill while we were setting it up,” recalls Elly Lichenstein, executive director of the festival and longtime Cinnabar performer. “He was there for the planning, but not the execution. This is the first time we’ve actually planned it from the get-go without him.”

Nina Shuman, Cinnabar’s music director, planted the seed for the festival back in 1986, when she and Klebe organized a concert series that lasted throughout the year. In 1988, she realized that condensing the music into a three-week period made the event easier to publicize and more accessible to their audience. Marvin heartily agreed, and in 1988 the first Summer Music Festival took place.

Old-time Petaluma residents may remember the early festival signs featuring a fiddling man with a chicken on his feet. In 1990, the feet were cut off and stolen from all the signs. The theft prompted news stories and a reward, but the feet were never returned.

“I think that’s the most famous part of the festival!” says Lichenstein with a laugh.

Klebe’s absence hasn’t reduced the scope of the event. This year’s festival–which runs from Aug. 5 to 26–features more than 20 musical events, with performers from around the Bay Area and beyond. Offerings range from light opera to raucous Balkan dancing to intimate classical concerts by candlelight. Fans of the festival’s Music in the Mansions series will be glad to learn that concerts staged in the parlors of Petaluma’s beautiful Victorian mansions will also return this year, beginning Aug. 8 and 9 when classical guitarist Randy Pile presents the “Story of the Guitar.”

But there is one big change. This time the Sonoma County Folk Festival will kick off the three-week musical lineup. The idea to combine the Folk Festival, also in its 13th year, with the Summer Music Fest came out of a burst of inspiration at a lunch between Lichenstein and Betty Nudelman of the Sonoma County Folk Society.

“Every year we’ve tried to do something to open the festival with a flash,” says Lichenstein, “and never have we been completely satisfied. But this year Betty and I were talking, and it just kind of came up, and we looked at each other and said, ‘Why don’t we consolidate the two festivals and have the Folk Festival open our festival?’ ”

“It made total sense to me that they would join us,” Lichenstein continues. “It’s a reciprocal symbiosis.”

The all-day event–held on Aug. 5–features music and dance workshops for the public led by area musicians, with lots of jamming, singing, and folk dancing at all levels of expertise. Offerings include American folk, Celtic, Balkan, klezmer, and Greek music, and the Kate Wolf Sing-along. Evening brings the traditional bluegrass music of the Crane Canyon Bluegrass Band, the harmonious tunes of Sagebrush Swing, and Yiddish cowboy Scott Gerber.

“It’s the American part of the world-music series,” explains Lichenstein. “Let’s face it–American music is also world music!”

ALL THE OTHER events at this year’s festival were part of Shuman and Klebe’s original vision, including the Candlelight Concerts. These concerts–which begin with a performance by sopranos Eileen Morris and Jenni Samuelson on Aug. 18–are held at Cinnabar’s Mission Revival-style theater and are accompanied by wine and dessert. This year these intimate events will feature a new concert grand piano that supporters bought for the Cinnabar just before Klebe died last year.

The Piano by Candlelight concerts will highlight this generous gift. The last piano concert, held Aug. 24, will feature Nina Shuman herself performing a grand finale before taking a year’s leave of absence from the theater after 14 years.

Initially, Shuman’s idea was to use American performers for the entire festival, but doing world music was too tempting, so that was added into the mix from the beginning.

This year’s series incorporates an American theme, featuring such musical groups as the Black Irish Band reflecting on ancestral heritage as it melds with American culture.

As part of this series, Christopher and Marni Ris return to Cinnabar on Aug. 23 with Pranesh Khan to share their meditative and spirited Hindustani music and dramatic Kathak dancing in “Ragas and Sagas.” Earlier this year the two composed a full original score for Cinnabar’s popular production of A Perfect Ganesh.

The opera offering at this year’s festival will be something entertainingly offbeat: an obscure work by Emmanuel Chabrier called The Star (L’Étoile) that hits the stage Aug. 11-12, 19-20, and 25-26.

“It’s a wild and wacky thing that defies description,” Lichenstein says. “It’s going to be sort of Beach Blanket Babylonian!”

The wacky astrological love story–complete with mistaken identities, predictions of doom, and incognito travelers–presages the 20th-century absurdists. It was a big hit in its own day but died after about 30 performances because of contract difficulties (a problem even in the 1870s).

It resurfaced when Donald Pippen from San Francisco’s Pocket Opera (famous for his witty translations) obtained a copy and translated it.

“It’s a very rarely performed opera with such charming music,” Shuman says. “It’s accessible, sparkling, romantic. It’s a silly story, but the music isn’t. The music is quite beautiful.”

These diverse offerings underscore Klebe’s discovery back in 1970: the theater’s all-wood building is an ideal location for music of all varieties.

“This space is like performing inside a big cello,” Lichenstein muses. “It has a warm, round resonance which is perfect for classical music. The sound goes over your head like a wave.”

The Petaluma Summer Music Festival runs from Aug. 5 to 26 at the Cinnabar Theatre, 3333 Petaluma Blvd. N., and at various other locations around Petaluma. Admission prices vary. For details, call 763-8920.

From the July 27-August 2, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

Laced Ecstasy

Tainted High

The poisoning of suburbia: Laced Ecstasy takes a toll on America’s rave crowd

By Ted Oehmke

SARA AESCHLIMANN called her mom, Janice, in typical fashion at 12:30 one Saturday night. “I just wanted to let you know that I’m OK and that I’ll be staying at Garrett’s house,” she said. Though Garrett Harth was three years older than 18-year-old Sara, they had known each other a long time, and he lived with his parents only five minutes away in the Chicago suburb of Naperville, Ill.

Like other teens, Sara had experimented with drugs and had recently confided to her mom that she liked to smoke pot every once in a while. That worried her mother. But Sara had a job and a wide circle of friends and was just a few weeks from high school graduation. All in all, she seemed OK. Aeschlimann thanked her daughter for calling and hung up.

A short time after the call, as Sara was watching TV and playing pool in Harth’s basement, he reportedly offered the striking blonde, brown-eyed girl a potent brand of Ecstasy known as “double-stack white Mitsubishi.” She had apparently taken Ecstasy for the first time a couple of months earlier, and the round white pills were supposed to be the hottest version of Ecstasy around. She washed down a few and waited for the drug’s effects to kick in.

Indeed they did.

Within hours, she was in convulsions and had to be rushed to the hospital. There, she lapsed into a coma and her body temperature rose quickly, not stopping until it reached 108 degrees. “She was bleeding everywhere,” says her mother. “Her blood cells were just erupting. Her intestines were bleeding; her stomach was bleeding. She was bleeding from the mouth. She bit her lip when she had a seizure, and it wouldn’t stop bleeding, but she was not moving at all.”

By 3 the next afternoon, Mother’s Day, she was dead. Instead of taking methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or MDMA, the only chemical contained in unadulterated Ecstasy , she had unknowingly swallowed paramethoxymethamphetamine, a much more dangerous chemical known as PMA. The DuPage County coroner’s office determined that Sara had died from an accidental overdose of PMA, a substance also believed to be responsible for at least two other recent deaths in the Chicago area.

Contaminated illegal drugs have never been a big issue in the United States. But if the demand for Ecstasy continues to rise, as some researchers speculate it will, more and more dealers may start substituting deadly substances like PMA for less harmful drugs like MDMA.

“The ingredients for MDMA are highly controlled, and you have any number of people willing to make substitutes that are much more dangerous,” says Dr. David Nichols, professor of medicinal chemistry and molecular pharmacology at Purdue University and one of the few to ever study the effects of PMA. “If you make one drug illegal, it will be replaced by a more dangerous drug. No matter how much you try to control it, people will come up with substitutes.”

With the skyrocketing demand for Ecstasy and its low production outlay–it costs only 10 to 50 cents to make a pill that sells on the street for $20 to $45–there is a compelling economic incentive to sell the drug even if it’s made entirely of another substance. “The rave scene is a huge market of people willing to pay $20 or $30 per pill to get high, and a lot of people are taking advantage of it,” Nichols says.

The tablets and capsules sold as Ecstasy might contain any number of adulterants. A quick look at the pill-testing results of DanceSafe, a harm-reduction organization that analyzes such pills in a forensic laboratory, shows a cookbook’s worth of ingredients that the drug is often cut with or downright replaced by: caffeine, DXM (dextromethorphan, an ingredient in cough suppressants), the psychedelic PCP, Valium, and ketamine (an anesthetic). Ingestion of DXM, for example, has led to hospitalization of ravers in cities like Oakland and London. Included on DanceSafe’s list of tested pills is a picture of white Mitsubishi, the variety of Ecstasy that killed Sara.

But the problem of drug contamination and substance swapping by drug dealers is not widely recognized. An epidemiologist who attended a recent drug-trends seminar in Washington, but who wishes to remain anonymous, says that a Drug Enforcement Administration representative at the conference commented that Ecstasy is “a pretty pure drug.” And a slide show presented at the seminar revealed that the DEA had analyzed more than 3 million Ecstasy pills in 1999 and found that “all tablets contained some MDMA.”

The Customs Service uses dogs to detect Ecstasy being smuggled into the United States, but the canines can detect only MDMA, not adulterants. During the first four months of this year alone, around 5 million Ecstasy pills were seized by Customs, and in all probability the confiscated pills had some level of purity. The result is that the better-quality drugs are being taken off the market, increasing the ratio of contaminated pills to clean ones.

While there have always been risks involved in taking any illegal drugs–which are produced with no oversight by any agency monitoring safety concerns–drug contamination has traditionally been limited to substances like heroin.

R. Terry Furst, an associate professor of anthropology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York, has studied the demographics of drug users. He believes the Ecstasy-taking crowd, whose numbers have increased by more than 50 percent among high school seniors in the past two years, is a different demographic group than users of drugs like heroin, who are mostly from lower economic strata. Furst notes that “income is higher for Ecstasy users because you have to be able to afford to go to a club, and you have to pay for the Ecstasy, too.”

Users of Ecstasy are generally associated more with ravers–who are likely to be found bunny-hopping on the dance floor while sucking on pacifiers–than with traditional drug users who will do anything for a fix. In other words, many of these users aren’t aware of the inherent dangers of taking street drugs–especially since Ecstasy isn’t often linked to fatal overdoses and its dangers are still being debated among scientists. “After Sara died,” says her mother, “her friends came to see me. They talk about taking drugs as if they were taking milk and cookies.”

The adulterant PMA is not known to be useful for much of anything. Like MDMA, PMA raises body temperature, but much more severely. Unlike MDMA, PMA is not known to have very pleasant effects. Chemist Alexander Shulgin, known for his outspokenness on the positive effects of MDMA, synthesized PMA and tested it on himself several years ago. In an e-mail interview, Shulgin says he tried it half a dozen times and found that “it was not too enjoyable.” He said that the chemical compound “is about twice as potent as MDMA.”

ACCORDING to representatives of the DEA’s Chicago office, the PMA contamination found there was not a novice chemist’s mistake–it was deliberate. The process required to synthesize PMA is similar to the process of making MDMA, but the chemical precursors are totally different. As Mike Hillebran, a DEA spokesman, says, it’s “like making angel food cake and coming up with chocolate chip cookies.”

The recent overdoses in the Chicago area are the first known instances of PMA in the illicit-drug market in the United States. However, it has shown up before. Between 1995 and 1996, at least six Australians were killed after ingesting PMA they thought was Ecstasy, prompting scientists in Australia to warn, in the American Journal of Forensic Medical Pathology, that “PMA has been associated with a much higher rate of lethal complications than other designer drugs,” and that “no guarantee can be made that tablets sold as Ecstasy are not PMA.”

The known incidence of contaminated or substituted drugs in the United States is relatively small. One of the more publicized cases occurred in the 1970s, when the U.S. government, under President Jimmy Carter, supported a Mexican program of spraying crops with the pesticide paraquat in an attempt to stem the flow of opium and marijuana from Mexico to the United States. Keith Stroup, then president of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, was so infuriated that then drug czar Peter Bourne had tolerated the spraying, which many believed could be harmful to pot smokers, that he leaked a report that Bourne had snorted some coke at a NORML party. Bourne was subsequently forced to resign.

And in the early ’80s, several people exhibiting signs of Parkinson’s disease showed up at a neurology clinic in California. It turned out they had tried a form of synthetic heroin called MTPT, which causes damage to the nervous system in much the same way Parkinson’s does.

Drug overdoses are always hard to treat–doctors don’t know how much of the substance the user took, over how long a period it was taken, or if there was any interaction with another drug already ingested–but physicians say the problem skyrockets when someone comes in after having ingested a drug of unknown origin. In Sara’s case lab technicians were unable to identify what she took until after she died.

“We don’t have tests for most of these drugs,” says Dr. Alan Kaplan, head of emergency services at Edward Hospital in McHenry, Ill., where Sara was taken. “We have to treat symptoms. . . . We would treat someone with hyperthermia caused by a [PMA] overdose the same way we would treat a roofer with hyperthermia. But these drugs,” he adds, referring to so-called club drugs like PMA, “reset the body’s thermostat so that it’s very hard to control. Sometimes we just can’t get ahead of it.”

Weeks after their only child’s death, Sara’s parents remain dazed. Robert, Sara’s father, has been “fixing things around the house that don’t need to be fixed,” says Janice, who just returned to work as a receptionist at an animal hospital, and the days without Sara “seem very empty and long.”

When she’s not having nightmares about Sara’s vacant eyes and her bleeding body lying on a hospital bed, what Janice Aeschlimann remembers is a daughter who “liked long walks in the woods” and had a pet parakeet who followed her around the house. “It’s very hard to not see her in my mind,” she says.

Sitting by Sara’s bedside at the hospital, the Aeschlimanns told their daughter they loved her, and Janice vowed that her death would not be for nothing.

“We just hope she heard us,” she says. “We hope that she knows we were there.”

Ted Oehmke is a freelance writer in New York. This piece originally appeared in Salon.com.

From the July 27-August 2, 2000 issue of the Sonoma County Independent.

© Metro Publishing Inc.

The Merry Wives of Windsor

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The original gladiator: Kirk Douglas may not don his Spartacus gear for his Aug. 12 appearance at the Wine Country Film Festival, but the doughty cinematic warrior leads the festival's charge into Sonoma County. Living Legend Wine Country Film Festival celebrates the outsized career of Kirk Douglas By Richard von Busack ...

Petaluma Summer Music Festival

Bringing down the house: Musicians Lynne Dubin, Daniel Celidore, and Marie Gonzalez gear up for the Petaluma Summer Music Festival, while behind them one of the locations for the festival's Music in the Mansions series bides its time. Petaluma Summer Music Festival offers new notes and old favorites By Karen Schell...

Laced Ecstasy

Tainted High The poisoning of suburbia: Laced Ecstasy takes a toll on America's rave crowd By Ted Oehmke SARA AESCHLIMANN called her mom, Janice, in typical fashion at 12:30 one Saturday night. "I just wanted to let you know that I'm OK and that I'll be staying at Garrett's house," she...
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