The Big Squeeze

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Due to major changes in the law, everyone in the cannabis industry will soon have a choice to make: get licensed, stay (or go) black market or quit.

As an attorney, I cannot, and will not, recommend anything other than full compliance with state and local law for those who want to be involved. Unfortunately, it is my opinion that many of those who opt to get licensed will still get squeezed out of the industry. There are two main ways that I see this happening.

First, I don’t think the average person realizes the storm of bureaucracy that is approaching. The industry is about to go from basically unregulated to highly regulated. Costs are about to go up. Way up. Margins will drop considerably. This is inevitable.

While there are many factors that will influence how long this storm lasts, I see a giant reshuffling of the deck. Many of those in the industry, and who want to remain, will simply not be able to. Many new people will come in. This is because there will soon be many hands in the pockets of growers. Growers will either have to accept dramatically reduced margins or increase prices. The age-old tension then comes into play: how much can you raise prices without customers turning to the black market?

The second way people may be squeezed out is if local land-use ordinances become too restrictive. I worry that local government will greatly narrow where commercial cannabis activity (and especially cultivation) is allowed. It’s important to remember that government will have many voices in its ear, including those opposed to the industry.

The wine industry is a powerful one in this county—what position will it take? Local government may simply legislate many farmers out of existence; they simply won’t be able to use their land for cultivation. This is a one-two punch because we live in a county with insane land prices. Most farmers simply won’t be able to afford to sell land zoned “agriculture-residential” and buy land zoned “diverse agriculture.”

What will happen to all those independent small farmers who produce just enough to support their families? Will they be driven out entirely? Or will they be forced to work for those who can navigate the new rules and have the capital reserves to survive a period of low margins?

I am not confident in the future of the small farmer. The short term will likely be filled with unexpected expenses and dislocation. Prepare yourself!

Ben Adams is a local cannabis attorney. He has been practicing law for almost 20 years and concentrates his practice on cannabis compliance and defense.

Abundance

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A tasty tradition 42 years strong, the Sonoma County Harvest Fair is back this weekend for three days of food, wine, beer and family fun. The highlight of this year’s fair is the Wine Country Marketplace, a one-stop shopping experience where you can browse, sample, buy and take home the best local wines and food while enjoying chef demonstrations from cheese master Sheana Davis, John Ash & Co. executive chef Thomas Schmidt and pastry chef Doug Cavaliere of Costeaux French Bakery in Healdsburg.

Another favorite of the fair is the annual World Championship Grape Stomp. A grand prize of $1,500 will get the competitive juices flowing. Sign up with a friend, decide who’s going to be the stomper and who’s going to be the swabby, and make sure you dress up in a colorful costume for creative flair. There’s even a kids round for stompers
under 13.

Wine and food seminars, live music, a classic car show, a rotten apple catapult, an art show and sale and a harvest pumpkin patch are all part of the fair. Celebrate harvest season Sonoma County–style
Friday, Sept. 30, through Sunday, Oct. 2,
at the Sonoma County Fairgrounds,
1350 Bennett Valley Road, Santa Rosa.
Friday, 4–9pm; Saturday–Sunday, 11am–5pm. $5 gate admission; some events cost extra. 707.545.4200.

Footwork

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The grape is nature’s original smack pack. Inside each sturdy package is all the sugar required to make wine, and outside is the yeast needed to ferment that sugar. All you’ve got to do is break the grape.

Over the centuries, the ancient method of simply treading grapes underfoot has been replaced by technology of ever-increasing sophistication, from hand-cranked crushers to computerized sorting machines. Yet in some of the savviest new wineries, from New Zealand to Napa Valley, foot-stomping has come back into vogue.

“I don’t know enough people that do it to say that it’s in vogue,” demurs Scott Schultz, assistant winemaker at Wind Gap Wines. “But we foot-stomp everything here.” By everything, besides a few bins of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir they destemmed mechanically this crush, Schultz is talking about a lot of grapes—at least 250 tons, each ton coming in two half-ton bins.

“We have great interns this year,” says Schultz. “They see those bins come in—they run over, pop their shoes off, put their shorts on, and they’re after it.” Located in the Barlow in Sebastopol, Wind Gap’s crush pad is just around the corner from its popular tasting room. People walk by all the time and exclaim, “I didn’t know people still did that!”

“It began as the only logical way to do it, because we didn’t have a crusher,” Wind Gap founder Pax Mahle explains. “Now that’s just how we do it.” Since the grapes are often picked in the middle of the night and come in well chilled, it’s not all glamor and fun. Still, most of the time, the team goes without the boots provided for the task.

And when they step on it barefoot, says Schultz, “we know what that fruit feels like pretty intimately.” Their feet relay information that may be helpful to winemaking, like temperature and condition of the grapes and stems. “It tells you a lot without really doing anything—you’re just relying on your senses.”

Winemaker Duncan Meyers, cofounder of Healdsburg’s Arnot-Roberts, gets more technical: “The stems also bring aromatic lift to the wine and help to slow down the fermentation kinetics by providing a more permeable mass for the juice to channel through, resulting in cooler peak temperatures and a gentler fermentation curve.” Other benefits include color stabilization and other features that expensive enological products offer, to similar effect. “Many of our favorite producers in the Rhône Valley, Burgundy and the Jura in France use this ancient technique to good result,” says Meyers.

There’s still time to try your hand—or foot, rather—at stomping grapes at the Sonoma County Harvest Fair, Friday, Sept. 30, through Sunday, Oct. 2, at 1350 Bennett Valley Road, Santa Rosa.

Fishing Report…Goes Fishing. Plus: Skitzo Roolz!

The Bohemian and Pacific Sun are sharing a cover story this week about an awesome Bay Area guy named Kirk Lombard who just published his Sea Forager’s Guide to the Northern California Coast—a great, fun read and I hope you’ll check out my long feature on Kirk in Wednesday’s paper. Had a lot of fun writing it. We did some fishing in Bolinas and he caught almost all the fish. Hilarious stuff. Check it out tomorrow. Today, who knows. The whole country’s in the grip of a post-debate moment that is basically saying that Hillary Clinton demolished Trump last night but of course Rudy Giuliani says it’s all Lester Holt’s fault. I watched the debate but only after it ended, which is to say that I went to Youtube and fired it up and then hit the mute button whenever Trump opened his mouth so I didn’t have to listen to his mindlessly hateful prattle. I’ve been listening to Blood on The Tracks lately and burst out into song during some of his more memorable moments that I had muted, singing, of course, the Dylan classic “Idiot Wind,” which blows every-time he moves his teeth. It’s a wonder Trump can even breath at all (especially given those sniffles)….

Meanwhile, there was a really great piece of mail in my box yesterday, a big box of goodies from Sonoma County heavy-metal veterans Skitzo, who sent a package that included: 

1. One CD of their Dementia Praecox record, released in 2015.
2. One DVD of Skitzo performances
3. One puke-green Skitzo 45 with a large vomiting person on the sleeve
4. One baseball card of Vixen’s Share Pedersen, from 1991. 
5. One small plastic rat
6. One Skitzo button
7. A selection of Skitzo stickers
8. A big pile of Skitzo press materials, including a letter from an editor at People magazine from 1999 following a Skitzo appearance on Jerry Springer that included some vomiting. 
9. Some other weird and random stuff.

The Skitzo record is ferocious and diverse and features new and old songs that date way back to the 1980s—the shrieking, driving “Sick Son of a Bitch” was written about the Ted Bundy trial. I had the record cranked in the car headed home yesterday and then cranked it again for the drive to Santa Rosa today. Darn near blew the windows out listening to “Sick Son of A Bitch” over and over again. My ears perked up about halfway through the drive, about halfway through the song “World War 666,” which features a mention of Donald Trump in there—though it’s tough to suss out the context for a mention of such Satanic import, given the surrounding frenzy of metal and screaming that characterizes the record. Given the song title I’ll go on a limb and say it’s not an especially favorable mention of the candidate, no sir. Sniffle sniffle.

It’s been pretty darn hot out there and when I pulled in to Jack’s for a Coke and a burger last night, with Dementia Praecox blaring down Washington St., the car’s thermometer said it was 101 degrees in Petaluma and I checked out the album sleeve waiting for the grub on the drive-through line—and saw that the guitarist from Blue Cheer, Tony Rainier, plays on Dementia Praecox. Blue Cheer, as in, there ain’t no cure for the summertime blues Blue Cheer. Now let us cheer for blue states and 270 electoral votes, and cooling temperatures, and very loud metal 4eva.  

Skitzo is celebrating 35 years of vomit-drenched thrash metal with a big event at the Phoenix in Petaluma on Nov. 12—after the election and whatever that might bring, WWIII included but let’s hope not. My colleague Charlie Swanson’s on the case and we’ll have more on the force of nature that is Skitzo in coming weeks, just as we’ll have more on this American Schitzo moment that’s stinking up the joint before our very sniffling noses.  

Listen to Picture Atlantic’s Single, “Billy Banker”

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14225551_1215032411888483_4715319036013332146_n (1)Bay Area alternative indie band Picture Atlantic possess a rapid fire rock and roll sound that harkens back to the festive pop of British Invasion bands while repping an authentic West Coast brashness.
Recently, the band released the quick, acerbic and memorable “Billy Banker,” the second official single off the upcoming full length album, Assouf, due out October 21.
Take two minutes out of your Friday to hear the high-energy single below, and head over to Silo’s in Napa tonight to see the band perform with Napa natives and fellow indie rockers Anadel. The first fifty in the door even get that sweet show poster to take home.

Sept. 22-25: Cinema Blend in Kenwood

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An eclectic celebration of cinema and culture, the Wine Country Film Festival marks its 30th anniversary this year and offers four days of international and independent films screening in Kenwood. Highlights of this year’s film festival include Mexico’s submission to the Academy Awards, 600 Miles; the Mediterranean-set animated film The Prophet, produced by Salma Hayek; and The Seasons in Quincy: Four Portraits of John Berger, a vivid look at the philosopher written by Tilda Swinton. The fest also boasts several short films, live music, special guests and more, Thursday through Sunday, Sept 22–25, at various venues in Kenwood. $25 and up. wcff.eventbrite.com.

Sept. 23-25: Vintage Fun in Sonoma

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The second oldest festival in California, the Valley of the Moon Vintage Festival, is 119 years old, though it’s still a fresh mix of music, food and fun for the whole family. This year’s opening gala on Sept. 23 features ’80s dance band Notorious belting out the hits while attendees sample food and wine from local Sonoma restaurants. The party continues through the weekend, and features everything from 5k and 12k runs, grape stomps, the annual firefighter bucket brigade, art and music galore and a Saturday-night parade sure to light up downtown Sonoma. The community gets vintage Friday to Sunday, Sept. 23–25, Sonoma Plaza, First Street East, Sonoma. Free admission. valleyofthemoonvintagefestival.com.

Sept. 23: Sunny Sounds in Petaluma

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Petaluma native Stella Heath grew up on the jazz of greats like Louis Armstrong and New Orleans–infused swing and Gypsy music, and she incorporates all of that into her work as vocalist for French Oak. A worldly blues and jazz outfit, which also features members of Gypsy dance band Dgiin, French Oak is ready to unveil its debut album, Sunnyside, this weekend. Recorded in Santa Rosa and performed in both French and English, Sunnyside’s collection of standards and originals spotlights Heath’s magnetic vocals and the band’s tight rhythms, all of which is on display in an appropriately underground speakeasy-esque jazz club on Friday, Sept. 23, at the Big Easy, 128 American Alley, Petaluma. 8pm. $5. 707.776.4631.

Sept. 24: Visionary Work in San Rafael

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Twenty years ago, a group of Marin residents conceived of a plan to transform a piece of their community and connect with others through an art center. That idea is now known as Art Works Downtown, a multi-gallery space chock-full of talented artists and exciting exhibits. This weekend, the collective commemorates the last two decades with a new show, ‘20/20 Vision,’ that looks on the past, the present and to the future. The opening reception boasts live music from Danny Click, Jerry Hannan and Shana Morrison, art demonstrations and plenty of local food and wine. Saturday, Sept. 24, at Art Works Downtown, 1337 Fourth St., San Rafael. 6:30pm. $45–$55 and up. 415.451.8119.

Barleycorn’s Revenge

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Good and fed up with John Barleycorn last fall, I plowed him down in the ground and, as in the ballad by ol’ Robert Burns, “put clods upon his head.” Would that it was the end of him.

I was inspired by my visit last year with brewer Nile Zacherle, who experimentally grew barley on four acres of fallow Napa Valley vineyard land for his Mad Fritz beer (“Craft Malt,” Bohemian, Sept. 23, 2015) and tantalizing rumors of other such projects. Up in Ukiah, Mendocino Grain Project’s Doug Mosel has grown wheat for Almanac Beer Co., and says there’s interest from brewers for locally grown barley. Malted barley is, after all, the main ingredient in beer—besides water—and in an industry that constantly emphasizes pride of place like craft brewing, locally grown barley is sorely lacking.

Native to the Middle East, Hordeum vulgare, which is barley’s stripper name—wait, no, barley’s Latin name, sorry—grows just about anywhere that hay grows OK. Hay is for horses, while beer made from homegrown barley is for heroes. Besides a little honest toil, a bead of sweat or two off the brow, what could be easier?

After growing, malting and brewing my own barley into a sort of beer, I am completely amazed that ancient civilizations ever discovered brewing in the first place, and having gone through the hassle, why they didn’t quit at once and go back to fermenting goat’s milk. Yak’s milk. Pinot Grigio—anything.

A SIMPLE PLAN

I bought a pound or two of barley at a farm-supply store, scattered the seeds over an area of 700 or so square feet and raked them in the ground with a sort of harrow, the design of which the less said, the better. And waited for rain.

On schedule, John Barleycorn got up again, and was easy to spot. Stout green blades of grass sprung out of the dirt, promptly catching the eye of a resident jackrabbit, also. For several months, I figured the well-mown barley crop was merely a donation to said bunny. Nevertheless, John Barleycorn, “weel arm’d wi’ pointed spears,” as our friend Burns put it, did sprout from the low-growing grass. By May, the seed heads had drooped and dried, and were ready to harvest.

This crop was too small even for the compact research plot combine operated by the Mendocino Grain Project that harvested Zacherle’s barley. I could have gone old-school with a scythe, but recalled what a grim (anyone?) failure it was when, years ago, I once tried mowing tall grass that way. I settled on kitchen scissors, which made for a slow-going spectacle. Indeed, I more than once heard a mocking voice—if only in my own head—quip, “That’s a hell of a way to brew a pint of beer, buddy!”

AN UNDERQUALIFIED PEASANT IN THE WRONG CENTURY

You’ve heard about separating the wheat from the chaff? Same goes for barley. The kernels had to be separated from the mass of straw I’d collected, but without machinery of any kind, I turned to ancient Egyptian murals for reference. One way to thresh a crop is to beat the straw with a stick, but I settled on stomping and hopping around on an oil-stained garage, or threshing, floor. For this step, there was no imagined voice to mock me—just a few imagined, sadly shaking heads.

But when I brushed aside the spent straw, something wonderful was revealed, and gave me an ancient thrill to behold: a healthy pile of perfect, golden grains. After winnowing the remaining chaffs and spikes, I had 12 pounds of barley to brew.

THE UNEXPECTED HABITS OF THE ENDOSPERM

But not just yet. To prepare the starchy endosperm of the grain for brewing, it must first be malted, a process I’d only vaguely understood to have something to do with sprouting. In pictures I’ve seen of the malting floors of Scottish distilleries, this looks picturesque and tidy enough; up close, sprouting barley—trigger warning!—resembles a tangled mass of wriggling white spiders, or, as a friend to whom I’d texted a photo of this said, “Will looking at this make me pregnant?”

While the chits, or rootlets, emerge from the kernel and search for Mother Earth, inside the grain the turgid acrospire reaches for the sky. So you can see where ancient pagan cultures might have got some of their racier religious ideas.

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TOASTED DUST-BUNNY BLUES

After it was dried and kilned, or whatever facsimile of this process I managed (most was air-dried or dried at low temperature in the oven, while a small portion was pan-roasted on a Coleman camping stove), the frizzy mass looked like something I’d brushed out of my cat’s tail. Then it was cleaned—again, tediously—through a sieve and brought to the Beverage People for grinding.

These homebrew suppliers charge only 10 cents per pound for the service, and their advice is free. If I’d asked it of them earlier, I might not have mashed my grain in water at 160 degrees Fahrenheit—a little too high, says the Beverage People’s Bob Peak, but probably not the reason I ended up with a wort, or unfermented beer, with the unimpressive specific gravity of 20 points. This would make a sort of beer, but almost a temperance beverage, a barley tea of 2 percent or so alcohol by volume (ABV)—perhaps it might aid the digestion, but not so nonalcoholic that the Feds wouldn’t crack down on health food stores for it, as they have for .5 percent ABV kombucha. Is my terroir telling me to tone it down?

A CURIOUS CULTIVAR

Another culprit could be the cultivar that I planted, a barley by the name of UC 603. According to a helpful pamphlet from UC Davis that I only consulted after the fact, UC 603 sports a long-haired rachilla, and, should you need to know, “the glume is longer than one-half the length of the lemma.” Released in the 1980s, it was bred to be resistant to net blotch, scald, powdery mildew and leaf rust, but is already susceptible to some of those—so look over your shoulder, UC 603. More to the point, UC 603 is a six-row feed barley, which means it’s higher in protein, less so in starch, which is all-important to beer making. I might have done better with a two-row malting barley.

The malting process is where things most likely went awry, but it’s hard to say exactly how, since there are so many variables in temperature, timing and so on. Again, it’s a wonder that ancient Mesopotamians and Germanic tribesmen alike figured it out without a BS in fermentation science.

If God created wine, it doesn’t follow that the devil made beer; worse, it seems that beer was designed by committee. A committee of nerdy engineers. Drunk, nerdy engineers.

RICE TO THE RESCUE

Peak suggested I add rice extract to boost the alcohol potential of the ale without affecting the flavor profile. I settled on three pounds of rice extract and one pound of light dry malt, and fermentation proceeded without a hitch thereafter. (I had planned to add hops that were grown quite locally in my yard, but like the groundhog of lore, they came up in spring and, not finding it to their liking, retreated once more into the ground. So I brewed with purchased, mellow Golding hops, plus a smidgeon of Columbus and Spalt.)

After adding a dash of corn sugar to produce CO2 bubbles in my “Ranch barley Sonoma Valley terroir amber ale,” I brought a bottle to the Bohemian to get the staff’s reactions.

“Rooty” described the richly colored, amber ale’s aroma best; “sarsaparilla” put a sweeter spin on that. It’s malty, all right, but “fleeting,” with a hint of lemon that develops after time in the glass. Confusion reigned as to which was which when I cracked open a bottle of curiously citrusy, amber Altbier I’d made with purchased malt, and brought for thirsty Bohos in case “ranch barley” was a flop.

The dry finish was noted to drop off, like Budweiser—which makes sense, since Bud is made with a good helping of rice, too. But that rooty, malty flavor, like a soft caramel candy that’s just been dug up from the gravelly clay loam soil? Maybe that there’s the terroir—a fuzzy concept in beer, for sure, as fuzzy as the logic of growing, malting and brewing one’s own barley in the North Bay.

Of course I’ll try it again.

The Big Squeeze

Due to major changes in the law, everyone in the cannabis industry will soon have a choice to make: get licensed, stay (or go) black market or quit. As an attorney, I cannot, and will not, recommend anything other than full compliance with state and local law for those who want to be involved. Unfortunately, it is my opinion that...

Abundance

A tasty tradition 42 years strong, the Sonoma County Harvest Fair is back this weekend for three days of food, wine, beer and family fun. The highlight of this year's fair is the Wine Country Marketplace, a one-stop shopping experience where you can browse, sample, buy and take home the best local wines and food while enjoying chef demonstrations...

Footwork

The grape is nature's original smack pack. Inside each sturdy package is all the sugar required to make wine, and outside is the yeast needed to ferment that sugar. All you've got to do is break the grape. Over the centuries, the ancient method of simply treading grapes underfoot has been replaced by technology of ever-increasing sophistication, from hand-cranked crushers...

Fishing Report…Goes Fishing. Plus: Skitzo Roolz!

The Bohemian and Pacific Sun are sharing a cover story this week about an awesome Bay Area guy named Kirk Lombard who just published his Sea Forager's Guide to the Northern California Coast—a great, fun read and I hope you'll check out my long feature on Kirk in Wednesday's paper. Had a lot of fun writing it. We did...

Listen to Picture Atlantic’s Single, “Billy Banker”

Bay Area alternative indie band Picture Atlantic possess a rapid fire rock and roll sound that harkens back to the festive pop of British Invasion bands while repping an authentic West Coast brashness. Recently, the band released the quick, acerbic and memorable "Billy Banker," the second official single off the upcoming full length album, Assouf, due out October 21. Take two minutes out of your Friday...

Sept. 22-25: Cinema Blend in Kenwood

An eclectic celebration of cinema and culture, the Wine Country Film Festival marks its 30th anniversary this year and offers four days of international and independent films screening in Kenwood. Highlights of this year’s film festival include Mexico’s submission to the Academy Awards, 600 Miles; the Mediterranean-set animated film The Prophet, produced by Salma Hayek; and The Seasons in...

Sept. 23-25: Vintage Fun in Sonoma

The second oldest festival in California, the Valley of the Moon Vintage Festival, is 119 years old, though it’s still a fresh mix of music, food and fun for the whole family. This year’s opening gala on Sept. 23 features ’80s dance band Notorious belting out the hits while attendees sample food and wine from local Sonoma restaurants. The...

Sept. 23: Sunny Sounds in Petaluma

Petaluma native Stella Heath grew up on the jazz of greats like Louis Armstrong and New Orleans–infused swing and Gypsy music, and she incorporates all of that into her work as vocalist for French Oak. A worldly blues and jazz outfit, which also features members of Gypsy dance band Dgiin, French Oak is ready to unveil its debut album,...

Sept. 24: Visionary Work in San Rafael

Twenty years ago, a group of Marin residents conceived of a plan to transform a piece of their community and connect with others through an art center. That idea is now known as Art Works Downtown, a multi-gallery space chock-full of talented artists and exciting exhibits. This weekend, the collective commemorates the last two decades with a new show,...

Barleycorn’s Revenge

Good and fed up with John Barleycorn last fall, I plowed him down in the ground and, as in the ballad by ol' Robert Burns, "put clods upon his head." Would that it was the end of him. I was inspired by my visit last year with brewer Nile Zacherle, who experimentally grew barley on four acres of fallow Napa...
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