SRJC

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Power Play

By Bruce Robinson

MICKI GRAHAM is heading for a courtroom instead of a classroom this fall, and she’s taking Santa Rosa Junior College with her. A popular biology professor at the JC for the past two years, Graham was abruptly dismissed last spring, over the vehement objections of her departmental colleagues, who were joined in their protests by many other faculty and students.

In addition to depriving the college of a talented and well-liked instructor, supporters say, her case has also raised troubling questions about gender equity on campus, the administration’s alleged inclination to manipulate personnel procedures, and the college’s commitment to maintaining academic standards.

“We were all in support of her staying,” says colleague Chris Christopher, incoming chairman of the Life Sciences Department. “Nobody ever wanted her dismissed.”

In a lawsuit filed Aug. 13 with the state Public Employees Relations Board, Graham accuses the SRJC administration of fraud, sex discrimination, defamation, inflicting emotional distress, negligence, and violations of the state labor code. She also has filed a separate civil action in Sonoma County Superior Court, seeking $2.5 million in damages and lost wages.

The legal charges, as well as a wave of activism that swept the campus last spring in support of Graham, stem from a supposedly botched tenure review in which Graham appears to have been caught up in the cross-currents of some tangled academic politics that had polarized participants long before she came to the institution. Her case galvanized an upwelling of support from faculty, staff, and students angered by the expensive expansion of the instructional administration under SRJC President Robert Agrella, and the apparent concurrent rise in the number of complaints and legal actions by aggrieved members of the college community.

“With the exception of Proposition 187 [the 1994 anti-immigration initiative], the students have not rallied around anything as much as this,” says Jennifer Branham, the new associated student body president, who sat as the student representative to the SRJC board of trustees during the last school year. “It wasn’t just another protest. They were compelled to come out and show their support for her.”

WHEN GRAHAM was hired in 1994, after completing her Ph.D. in environmental ecology at the University of California, she was chosen to fill the first tenure-track opening in the SRJC Life Sciences Department in more than 20 years. “She’s a really inspiring teacher,” says Brian O’Brien, a 22-year veteran of the same department who was part of the hiring committee that selected Graham and also chaired her Tenure Review Committee. “Our department hadn’t had the opportunity to hire a full-time position since I came. We wanted to have a woman who would be inspiring to women and a role model. She did just exactly what we hoped she would do.

“You could see the women gathering around her after class and hear the remarks they would make.”

Adds Charles Apel, a re-entry biology student who was Graham’s student assistant in three courses last year and has since transferred to UC Santa Cruz: “She’s a brilliant biologist and an exciting teacher. She’s really hot, really contemporary, really connected with her students. Everyone really loved her.”

Over her first two years, Graham received strongly positive evaluations from both students and other faculty observers. “Something like 85 percent of her student rankings and evaluations were of the highest order, outstanding or above average,” O’Brien reports. “All her numbers add up to A’s or a B; she doesn’t even get a C, [yet] she gets a failing grade [from the administration]. It defies logic, that’s for sure.

“If you did this to a student, you’d be fired.”

O’Brien was Graham’s strongest advocate in the four-member Tenure Review Committee, but he insists that the others–life sciences professors Steve Barnhart and Bob Rubin, and Rosemary Darden, the college’s assistant dean for science and applied technology–all agreed that Graham should be retained for the second two-year probationary period before she would become eligible for tenure.

“We never discussed terminating this woman. The agreement in all our meetings was that she be rehired,” O’Brien says. “The discussion was how strongly we indicated she needed improvements.”

The standard forms used in such reviews give the committee the choice of “suggesting” or “requiring” improvements of rehired tenure-track faculty. O’Brien says the committee split over that decision. “The dean was holding out for the requirement that she [Graham] have some improvements,” he says.

Dean Darden also insisted on including in the committee’s deliberations the complaints of five students who had taken a summer biology class from Graham, despite the fact that the summer class was not supposed to be a part of the tenure evaluation process. “There was never an evaluation of that class. No one ever came to observe, nor were student evaluations solicited, yet those few students that complained about their grades were used in such a way as to completely overshadow the many, many other students and student evaluations which were extraordinarily positive,” Graham objects.

She believes that the substance of those complaints was not the real issue. “For reasons that had nothing to do with those students or their complaints, they turned out to be a convenient vehicle,” she says grimly. “There were administrators, or at least an administrator, who really picked up on that and then used them to completely smear me professionally.”

Angered by the inclusion of the disputed complaints, O’Brien split from the other three committee members and submitted his own minority report, strongly recommending that Graham be rehired. The majority report contained the same overall recommendation, he claims. But in the final draft prepared by Darden, a sentence was inserted near the end of the seven-page document stating, “We recommend that [Graham] be rehired for one year.” That seemingly innocuous statement is what accomplished Graham’s dismissal, which was announced last March.

“The deal here is very clear. Rosemary [Darden] knows that the one-year option is not an option,” O’Brien fumes. “She knows the contract and she knew this would throw some kind of a jammer into the works.”

And it did. Academic Vice President Ed Buckley rejected the recommendation, and in the absence of consensus among the divided Tenure Review Committee, concluded that Graham should be dismissed, a decision that was affirmed by SRJC President Robert Agrella. “I believe the committee clearly understood the implications of the situation and chose to leave the final recommendation in the hands of the academic vice president,” Agrella later wrote to Richard Rose, president of the SRJC Academic Senate.

“Did the administration ‘overturn’ the Tenure Review Committee’s recommendation?” Agrella asks rhetorically in the same letter. “The answer to this is no.”

But the intentions of the committee clearly were reversed.

“Every member on my tenure review committee except the administrator has personally assured me they never intended nor understood my dismissal to be a consequence of their summary review,” Graham wrote to Agrella. “I am concerned that they were misled. I am concerned that an administrator who deals with tenure constantly would not know that what was being suggested would not be acceptable.”

Graham added that she believes that “an investigation will reveal that the district office had already been informed of my impending dismissal” before Buckley’s decision was revealed.

The cloud over the proceedings darkened further at the May board of trustees meeting. The Academic Senate and the All Faculty Association, the campus instructors’ union, believed they had worked out a compromise agreement with Agrella, which he would take to the trustees for ratification at the meeting. The compromise would have had Graham reinstated, but subject to more frequent evaluations over the next two years, to be done by a new Tenure Review Committee.

Yet, when the meeting was held, the board emerged from its closed personnel session with the curt announcement that nothing had changed. “President Agrella represented to the union that I would be reinstated” in accordance with the proposed compromise, Graham contends, “but when it actually came to the day to do that, he didn’t do that at all. He broke his word to them.”

Based on her subsequent conversations with trustees, Graham charges that “Dr. Agrella didn’t mention the union compromise and never indicated to the board that he had made an agreement with the union.”

Because personnel issues are, by law, allowed to be discussed out of public view, there is no record to indicate if Agrella even mentioned the suggested settlement to the board. And that shield of confidentiality is another sore point.

Graham objects that all of the key decisions regarding her future were made at meetings from which she, her allies, and the public were all excluded. “I’m not interested in holding confidentiality about these issues pertaining to me because it definitely is not in my best interest,” she says bluntly. “Confidentiality and secrecy only work for those people who are doing something they shouldn’t be doing.”

“A lot of people are hiding behind this thing on confidentiality,” echoes Sandy Lowe, a member of the Faculty for Tenure Equity Committee from the philosophy and religious studies department. “But it’s there to protect the person who’s on review, not somebody else.”

SO WHY was Micki Graham fired? The administration is not talking. President Agrella refused to meet with this reporter, Dean Darden did not return repeated phone calls, and Buckley declined to comment and referred all queries to the college’s attorney, who in turn referred them to Graham’s lawyer.

Meanwhile, the campus is rife with speculation.

“You can assume either malevolent intervention or breakdown of the process, or both,” says Johanna James, a computer science instructor at SRJC and a member of the FTE Committee, which was formed in response to Graham’s firing. “But then it gets back to the question of why this was going on [in the first place]. Why was the administration so entrenched and adamant about defending that position?”

James sees Graham as “a bright, independent woman” who was “operating in a hostile environment with a couple of her colleagues, due to gender issues, lifestyle issues,” and whose strong feelings about environmental issues and animal rights may have irked other faculty members.

Possibly more significant was Graham’s presence as an open, if not activist, lesbian in a predominantly male department. “Micki violates some of the traditional notions of how a woman should look and act,” James contends. “She was not being held to the same standard a male colleague would be. If a man had been running around in slacks and a shirt, that would never have been an issue.”

Even so, “they knew all this when she was hired,” says Sue Carrell, the gender equity coordinator at SRJC the past two years. From Carrell’s perspective, old and hard-set attitudes are a big part of the problem. “I very much get the sense that it’s still a white-male bastion,” she adds, offering figures that show that 54 percent of the part-time and 59 percent of the full-time SRJC faculty are men, even though women typically make up a 58-60 percent majority of the student body.

“A specific complaint by a few students is quite typical and usually goes no farther than the department chair,” adds Marty Bennett, a social sciences professor and co-founder of the FTE Committee. In Graham’s case, “that complaint found its way to the assistant dean and into [Graham’s] personnel file. Would that have happened to a male?”

Carrell also believes that Graham was held to a higher standard than male tenure candidates have been, but she realizes “the only way you can prove it is if you go back through the files of all the men who went through the same process and had more grounds to be booted out but were still rehired and eventually got tenure.”

Of course, she adds, “those records are all sealed. The only way you can get into them is by filing a lawsuit.”

Graham believes–and her lawsuit contends–that she was punished for filing a grievance over the way the tenure review was conducted, an action she took back in February. “It was not until after that that there was any discussion of the remote possibility that I would not be retained,” she contends. “Maybe they would have fired me anyway, but it’s curious that no one ever said a thing about it until after the grievance was filed.”

The grievance process is still slowly moving forward, with a hearing before an arbitrator as the next step. Asked when it might be scheduled, Bob Henry, the attorney representing the college in the proceedings, says he is “hoping for the month of October,” but acknowledges that the arbitrator has not yet been selected.

Under the college’s contract with the All Faculty Association, such arbitration hearings are not binding, but Graham says the Academic Senate has asked that the board of trustees and President Agrella follow the results of the arbitrator, and not push this into the courts. “And I hope that’s what they do,” she says. “It’s not in anyone’s best interest to force lawsuits in a situation like this. It’s an incredible waste of public money to adopt that strategy.”

But that has been the district’s strategy in other disputes. Although the details are buried in budget line items not included in the generalized budget summaries that are published each year, the campus grapevine has been buzzing with stories of administrators unhappily “retreating” to teaching positions or seeking other forms of redress. Henry Bell, the former associate dean of the SRJC campus in Petaluma, reportedly boasted of the six-figure settlement he received when he left the district for undisclosed reasons.

THE EXPANSION of the SRJC administration in the six years since Robert Agrella took the helm has also been costly, and is deeply resented by some faculty members. In a letter widely circulated on campus last May, one professor complained that “the addition of a new layer of mini-deans” not only was implemented “to isolate Dr. Agrella from the concerns of the faculty,” but was “imposed against the wishes of the faculty and at a time when there were insufficient funds for instructional needs.”

Although exact figures are not available, the annual salaries and benefits paid to six assistant deans and their support staff are believed to represent more than half a million dollars in the administration’s annual budget.

But the cost alone is not what upsets the faculty members who must deal with the new assistant deans. “It’s not a broadening, but a deepening of the administration,” objects Johanna James. “You’re one more person removed from process and input.”

Marty Bennett agrees: “It’s another layer you have to go through between the faculty and the administration. The actual decision-making about what goes on in the classroom is being taken away from the faculty.”

Worse, the people who are filling those positions tend to be bureaucrats, some of whom have little experience or understanding of academics. “We’ve gone from a system where the administrators rose from the ranks of the teachers and were familiar with the problems of the classroom, who had a discipline themselves and understood what it was to build a body of knowledge in a subject, who understood what it was not just to teach, but to be connected to your students,” Graham observes, “to a system of managers, many of whom have seen little or no time in a classroom and perhaps are not trained in an academic discipline.”

As a result, she theorizes, these administrators tend to “see the college as a service institution. The students or their parents pay the fees and the institution’s job is to provide them with a passing grade and ultimately a degree, so they can go out and get a job. So any kind of [student] performance becomes acceptable performance. [The administrators] really don’t have any idea what it is, for example, to be a mathematician and have the understanding that you can’t just pass students along.”

Math is not an idle example. Another controversy among SRJC faculty as school resumes this fall involves a bitter dispute between the math and applied technology departments over the latter’s creation of a course that math professor Jim Spencer says effectively bypassed the math department’s prerequisite requirements, but allowed students to acquire key transferable general education credits needed to graduate from a four-year California state college.

“Students who didn’t meet the prerequisites in our department or who failed a prerequisite would be able to go over there and take the course,” Spencer says. “They’ve even taken students who have failed basic arithmetic, but are able to pass this transferable four-year requirement course.”

When protests to the curriculum committee, the Academic Senate, and the administration all were shrugged off, math faculty members wrote a letter detailing their concerns directly to the California state University Chancellor’s Office, which subsequently dropped the disputed applied technology course from its list of transferable credits.

A furor ensued in the SRJC Academic Senate, which passed a resolution last May censuring the math department for its “unprecedented action of going beyond approved district policies” and charged that the “math department’s action challenges the district’s integrity and reputation.”

A series of sanctions are pending, including a ban on new math courses and the exclusion of math professors from membership in any curriculum committees for three years.

Now, Spencer says, the dispute is likely to become an issue for the accreditation committee that is due to make its twice-a-decade report on SRJC during the coming school year.

And the math course is not an isolated incident, faculty members charge. “It goes to the whole question of lowering standards,” says Brian O’Brien. “We have had a number of alternate courses offered at the JC. They offer a class in the nursing department now, something that nobody does anywhere else, basic microbiology for nurses, a substitute class that was much easier than the one that I teach” in the Life Sciences Department.

O’Brien charges that Assistant Dean Rosemary Darden, who also oversees the math department, “played a big role in a very tricky scheme to get this approved by the curriculum committee and resist our efforts to get it reconsidered.” He speculates that the fallout from that battle, in which Darden prevailed, may have poisoned the workings of Micki Graham’s Tenure Review Committee.

After months of reflection, Graham has come to the conclusion that she was only a minor player in the drama of her dismissal. That decision, she now feels, “was a combination of an individual administrator who has some kind of vendetta for reasons that are not clear and a system that does not support academic freedom nor an educator’s right to advocate strong positions.

“I’m also basically subject to a system in which management wants absolute control, in the way management in industry has control, which is something professors are not going to take very kindly to,” she adds.

But as in all other aspects of her case, even these conclusions are open to second-guessing. “I wish it was clear,” sighs Sandy Lowe. “There’s something in it that really stinks bad, but I’m not sure where the stench is coming from.”

From the August 22-28, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Talking Pictures

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Killing Time


Jocelyn Knight

Black and white: Liberatore thinks ‘A Time to Kill’ simplifies racial issues.

Paul Liberatore mocks this bird

By David Templeton

Writer David Templeton takes interesting people to interesting movies in a quest for the ultimate post-film conversation. This time out, he takes reporter Paul Liberatore, author of the controversial The Road to Hell, to see the vigilante flick A Time to Kill.

NOW THAT was a powerful flick,” Paul Liberatore declares, seating himself on a weathered bench outside a neon-bedecked theater. “It was an accurate reflection of a culture that’s immersed in racism, a movie that really holds up well.” We have just seen , the latest cinematic cash cow to be based on a John Grisham novel, starring Samuel L. Jackson as a black man on trial in Mississippi for the murder of the men who raped his daughter.

The film my guest is praising, however, is 1962’s To Kill a Mockingbird, and there is no more telling an indication that a movie has failed than when you leave the theater brimming with kind words for an entirely different film.

“Compared to Mockingbird,” Liberatore says, “this thing we just saw is nothing. It’s empty and meaningless. It’s insulting and irritating.”

Liberatore is the author of a controversial new book that examines a significant series of events in the history of American racial politics. The Road to Hell: The True Story of George Jackson, Stephen Bingham, and the San Quentin Massacre (Atlantic Monthly Press, 1996) is a probing reconstruction of the circumstances surrounding the prison-grounds death of Jackson, the legendary Black Panther field marshal and the author of the prisoners-rights classic Soledad Brother.

“You know what I was wondering while watching this?” Liberatorenow asks. “I’ve never lived in Mississippi, so I don’t know for sure, but I wonder if it’s really like that. Do they flaunt the Confederate flag in courtrooms, with the whites sitting on one side and blacks sitting on the other? How can that be accurate? It’s like it was set in the ’60s or something.” We consider the possibility that the film was, in fact, intended to take place in the ’60s, though the star’s adornment of a Prince T-shirt would somewhat belie that.

(Later, I called up the District Attorney’s Office in Jackson, Miss. “No, Confederate flags are not flown in our courtrooms,” I was assured by his assistant. “And black and white people are not segregated in the courtroom either. We’ve come a little bit further than that!”)

“The worst part is the message of the movie, which is this that it takes a young, handsome, smart, white lawyer to free a black man.” Liberatore continues. “That’s the bottom line of this film. It wasn’t a black lawyer doing it, or a team of black lawyers. The political people, the NAACP, are portrayed as a bunch of self-serving crooks. But the young white lawyer working on his first major case, he can do it. To me that’s the worst kind of racism.”

But the accused black man does tell his lawyer that the reason he chose him was that, as a white man, he’d be able to “think like the enemy.”

“That was kind of interesting,” Liberatore admits. “But it was still white people to the rescue. Black people can’t intelligently consider the thought processes of an all-white jury?” he asks rhetorically. “They can’t figure out how to defend themselves?”

On the other hand, as Liberatore reports in his book, George Jackson had a whole team of white lawyers, including Stephen Bingham, the man who was accused of smuggling Jackson the gun that figured in the bloody San Quentin uprising. He admits that Jackson’s ability to work with whites as well as blacks was one of the things he most admired about him.

Liberatore nods. “The Panthers, back then, they mostly had white lawyers,” he says. “But that was 25 years ago. There weren’t a lot of African American lawyers to choose from. There weren’t even very many African Americans on the police department back then.

“But we’re talking about this movie all wrong,” he interrupts himself. “We’re talking like it’s about race, and it’s not. The race thing is just something that was imposed on top of a film about vigilante justice. This movie advocates murder. It advocates going outside the system. It advocates anarchism. The issue here is: If someone harms your child, do you have the right to go out and kill them dead?

“This movie says you do, and then it throws on all the can-a-black-man-get-a-fair-trial stuff, just to make it seem less reactionary. And then it parades out a bunch of cartoonish black characters who are these clichéd Po’ Folks.” He forces out a chuckle. ” I don’t think it’s going to do very much to foster race relations in this country, that’s for sure.”

From the August 22-28, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Accordion Nation

Past Cool

By Richard von Busack

THE ACCORDION’S appeal is probably due to the way it throbs. You don’t play an accordion so much as you embrace it. When held against the chest, the accordion’s vibrations turn your abdomen into a resonator, giving your heart a sonic massage. No other musical instrument so envelops you, except for the equally maligned sousaphone, which nestles around the torso like an anaconda.

The accordion’s effect on listeners can be every bit as penetrating, as is witnessed by the number of bumper stickers reading “Use an Accordion, Go to Jail–It’s the Law.” (My accordion teacher, a crusty old party like William Demarest, told me to fix wiseacres with a jailhouse glare: “Yeah, I just got out.”) But on one weekend each year, squeezebox miscreants use accordions and go to Cotati, taking over the small town like Marlon Brando and gang in The Wild One.

Clifton Buckman-Kauffman runs Prairie Sun Recording in Cotati and is a founder of the 6-year-old festival. “We were looking for something musical to draw a crowd, some kind of event, something multicultural,” he says, remembering the dilemma faced when the La Plaza Park bandstand was erected, “without attracting too many unruly kids and a lot of potential problems.” In part, the idea of attracting devotees of the belly-organ came from local musician Jim Boggio, who has recorded “a lot of different genres, zydeco, jazz, folk music on the accordion at my studio,” says Buckman-Kauffman. “We realized that there seemed to be an incredibly untapped demand for accordion entertainment, especially among older folks who recall the golden days of the accordion.”

At the first fest in 1990, Boggio and Buckman-Kauffman expected around 1,000 people. Some 5,000 showed up. This year, they’re expecting 10,000 fans to attend a show of squeezebox-playing outlaws that includes the cheerful cowpoke Sourdough Slim, Celtic sounds by Golden Bough, Jim Boggio and his Swamp Dogs, Polkacide, Steve Balich, Norteña music by Ramon Trujillo and His Mariachi Jalisco, plus–and this is aptly underscored in the promotional material–a wooden dance floor for dancing.

If you’ve ever tried to polka on the wrong kind of floor, you’ll no doubt still remember how your feet hurt.

SAN FRANCISCO is said to be the place where a piano keyboard was first grafted onto the accordion. Many accordion manufacturers plied their infernal trade there, and Colombo and Sons of San Rafael were, until they ended the business in 1994, the oldest firm of accordion manufacturers. That the accordion has roots in Northern California can also be seen in commentary by local writers: Ambrose Bierce, formerly of St. Helena, spoke for many when he wrote in his Devil’s Dictionary that the accordion was “an instrument in harmony with the sentiments of an assassin.”

The accordion’s origin is dated to sometime in the 1820s when various accordionoids were invented by Friedrich Buschmann in Germany and by Cyral Demian in Vienna, while Matthias Hohner busied himself devising the first harmonica. The harmonica and the accordion are cases of parallel development; the accordion is just a big harmonica with bellows and valves. The free reed that’s at the heart of all of these musical instruments is an invention of the Chinese, who used it in an eons-old wind instrument called the sheng. The accordion is still most popular in China, where they have accordion orchestras of a size unseen in the United States since the 1950s. During the Long March, Mao’s army was evidently led by a vanguard of accordion-playing girls. Whether this was meant to delight or to terrify is up to the reader.

A great traveler because of sturdiness and portability, an accordion is loud enough to surmount the stamping of feet at a dance–though dancing is not the purpose for which some of them were built. It is the quintessential people’s instrument: homely, boxy, and free of the ultra-glamor that’s made pop music pretty insufferable to the thinking person for the last 30 years.

When this versatile instrument got kicked out of the spotlight by the electric guitar, the accordion became a national joke. Now, the accordion causes a lot less comment than it did five years ago, even though it’s still used as a sight gag by musicians like “Weird” Al Yankovich. Everyone from Bruce Hornsby to Tom Waits to Those Darn Accordions has done their part to make the instrument less of a curiosity and more acceptable to the masses, and still the accordion is a symbol of rebellion: Those who play it, even those who just wield it, are tacitly stating, “We’re through being cool.”

The Cotati Accordion Fest swings off Aug. 24-25 at La Plaza Park, downtown Cotati. 9:30 a.m. to 7 p.m. $7-$12; kids under 12, free. 664- 0444.

From the August 22-28, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Murphy’s Law

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Murphy Rules

By David Templeton

LATE IN THE FALL of 1994, Michael Harris of Santa Rosa was traveling on business when he found himself stranded in an airport in Jacksonville, Ark. With his flight canceled, and no other flight available until the next day, Harris suddenly faced a rare and unexpected opportunity. “I had nothing to do and nowhere to go,” he recalls. “I had a lot of time to just sit there and think.”

And what did he think about?

“Oh, the future,” he nods. “Mine and my family’s.” With a B.A. in communications and another in business, Harris was already a successful businessman, running a Santa Rosa mortgage company and hoping to one day run for public office.

“That takes money,” he smiles. And to get money, “you need a good idea.” There in the airport, in the early hours of the morning, Harris pulled out a notebook, produced a pen, and waited for inspiration to strike. It struck. Much to his surprise, Harris, who has an admitted dislike for most tabletop games, suddenly flashed on an idea for just such a thing.

A board game. It would be called Murphy’s Law, and would play on the famous notion that anything that can go wrong will go wrong. It should be educational, he thought, possibly with a black-history theme or perhaps focusing on American politics. It must be bright and simple to learn, and–cliché or no cliché–it would be fun for the whole family.

Right then and there, he opened his notebook and drew a rectangular outline on the page, followed by a flowing pattern of intersecting ribbons. This, he knew, was it. The man who disliked board games had just invented one.

“Yesterday we shipped our first order to Toys R Us,” Harris says. “Enough for 83 stores in two market regions. It’s only a test, but we are very excited.”

Murphy’s Law–The Game, with the subtitle “An Exciting, Fast-Moving Game of Luck, Strategy, and Knowledge,” hardly sprang up fully grown from Harris’ head. The complex developmental process from his initial idea to its final, shrink-wrapped reality took over a solid year, a great deal of cooperation from friends and family, and no little sweat and effort on the part of the game’s inventor.

“In fact,” Harris laughs, producing a shiny new copy of Murphy’s Law and placing it on the table, “if I’d known how much work it would be, I probably wouldn’t have done it.”

The finished product resembles a clever hybrid of Trivial Pursuit and Parcheesi, with a little Chutes and Ladders thrown in.

“At first glance it looks a bit like other games,” he offers, unpacking the brightly colored board and removing the various dice and plastic playing pieces. The objective of the game, in the tradition of numerous classic board games, is to maneuver your playing piece from the starting point at one corner of the board to the winner’s circle at the center.

“You can use strategy to take shortcuts and to trick your opponents into losing ground or starting over. Then you have to answer questions,” says Harris, producing a box of 3X5 cards, separated into age-appropriate categories. “The thing about this game, unlike Trivial Pursuit, is that a 6-year-old has the same chance of winning as an adult has.

“After deciding to orient the game in an academic direction,” Harris says, “I decided not to make it specifically about politics or black history, but to use the California state educational framework. One thing I didn’t want was just a lot of trivia. I wanted questions with answers that are worth knowing. Practical, applicable information.”

And Murphy’s Law? How does that notion fit in?

“The thrill of the game is never knowing what’s about to happen,” he grins. “You might be ahead, just about to win, and suddenly–you’ve lost. Just like that.”

“The very first version we made,” he says, “was a piece of cardboard covered in wrapping paper. I’d design different parts on my computer, then print them out, and my wife and I–sometimes the children helped–we’d color it in with felt-tipped markers.” There were repeated trips to the copy shop, he explains, with endless full-color copies made of various portions, which would be pieced together again and again as the product slowly developed.

“Then when we had a working model, we started having Murphy’s Law parties. In secret, you know. Friends and family would be over, we’d all play and play and then talk about what worked and what didn’t.” After several months of such clandestine R&D, and some exhaustive research into various printing and packaging processes, Harris invested a portion of his savings to print up the first batch of games, which were placed in various Sonoma County toy stores.

“Then Consumer Reports did a write-up on [the game],” Harris relates, “and suddenly I was getting calls from all over.” It would be another year until he hammered out the deal with Toys R Us. Enthused by positive early rumblings, the fledgling game mogul is now clearly optimistic about his future. “If a game like Pictionary sells 25 million games,” he says happily, “we should do 50 or 75 [million].”

Murphy, Murphy, Murphy. You crabby old pessimist. It seems that you were only half right.

From the August 22-28, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Wine Labeling

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Paradox Lost


Janet Orsi

Seeing red: Federal officials are less than wild about a wine industry plan to change beverage labeling.

Wine labeling plan prompts sweet talk, sour grapes

By Paula Harris

CONTROVERSY swirls around the issue like pinot noir in a wineglass. Whether that glass is half full or half empty depends on whom you talk to. Some view wine as a time-honored, aesthetic, and sensory delight–a complex foodstuff and magical elixir with the ability to protect against coronary disease and food poisoning and to aid digestion. Others see it (and other forms of alcoholic beverages) as an addictive drug with a grim societal cost, responsible for rampant health problems, accidents, birth defects, violence, crime, and suicides.

Now a recent proposal by the San Francisco­based Wine Institute–the vintners’ trade group that aims to counter the U.S. Surgeon General’s warnings on wine containers with a second label alluding to wine’s health benefits–is coming under fire from federal officials and anti-drinking organizations. The proposed label may add to consumer confusion, critics say.

But there’s a catch. Seen by some as a shrewd move by the Wine Institute, the proposed sticker would invite consumers to “learn the health benefits of moderate wine consumption” by sending for a brochure published by no less than the federal government.

The proposed label, to be used voluntarily by wine producers, would refer consumers to the 1995 “U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans,” developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Department of Health and Human Services and published in January.

“It’s referring to an action taken by the government itself,” says Wine Institute president John De Luca, adding that the label is not a self-proclaiming statement.

The proposal is causing quite a dilemma at the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, which regulates labeling and advertising of alcoholic beverages. The BATF, which is considering the proposal, has convened meetings about the matter with other regulatory agencies, including the Federal Trade Commission, the Food and Drug Administration, the Department of Agriculture, and the Department of Health and Human Services–a complicated cast, all of whom will have input into the decision.

“This makes the review process more difficult,” says William Earle, chief of the BATF’s Industry Compliance Division. He adds that although he doesn’t believe the proposal is “a crass attempt to sell wine,” he suggests that it could be construed that way “by riding on the coattails of the dietary guidelines.”

The new federal guidelines, which do not specify wine, but address the consumption of all forms of alcoholic beverages, do not contain a recommendation to drink for health. The guidelines mainly list the potential health risks associated with drinking alcohol.

However, two new sentences recently have been added to the guidelines. The first states that “alcoholic beverages have been used to enhance the enjoyment of meals by many societies throughout human history.” The second states that “current evidence suggests that moderate drinking is associated with a lower risk of coronary disease in some individuals.”

It defines moderation as no more than one drink per day (12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits) for women and two drinks per day for men, and then lists individuals (such as pregnant women, children, and adolescents) who should not drink.

THE GUIDELINES also note that “higher levels of alcohol intake raise the risk for high blood pressure, stroke, heart disease, certain cancers, accidents, violence, suicides, birth defects, and overall mortality.”

It concludes by stating, “If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation, with meals, and when consumption does not put you or others at risk.”

Hilary Abramson of the Marin Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Other Drug Problems, a San Rafael­based non-profit organization that uses Buck Trust funds to “prevent the toll from alcohol and other drugs by changing public policy,” blasts the proposed labeling and accuses the Wine Institute of being intentionally misleading.

“The dietary guidelines don’t say a thing about wine and health,” says Abramson. “They say ‘evidence suggests in some individuals.’ Does that educate you? No. It raises a ton of questions.” She adds that, realistically, individuals aren’t going to read the new label and send off for the guidelines, “but it gives the patina that the government thinks it’s good for you. The [implied] message is that the government is saying, drink for your health. It’s a marketing tool.”

But De Luca defends the labeling, saying “our proposal is a public policy statement, not a marketing strategy.” The new label would counter the “misleading impression” given by the Surgeon General’s warnings, he says, which justify labeling wine as a “sin” industry to be punished with higher federal excise taxes.

The Surgeon General’s health warning, mandated by the Alcoholic Beverage Labeling Act of 1988 for all beer, wine, and spirits containers, states that women should not drink alcoholic beverages during pregnancy and that alcoholic beverage consumption impairs driving ability and operation of machinery and may cause health problems.”[The warnings] forced a scarlet letter on wine, making it easy for people to argue to raise taxes in 1991,” says De Luca.

The Wine Institute argues that the warnings mislead consumers because the wording makes no distinction between use and abuse of beverages that contain alcohol and does not reflect scientific knowledge about the possible health benefits of moderate wine consumption.

“The proposed label statement is an attempt to provide more balanced information to the consumer than now exists with the government warning, referring them directly to the sections dealing with alcohol in the 1995 ‘U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans’,” says De Luca. “We see the new government message as an educational tool that more evenly treats the complex matter of use and abuse.”

De Luca says that if the new label is approved, consumers could have access to wine and health dietary guideline information via a toll-free phone number and websites on the Internet. He adds that the Wine Institute’s proposal was prompted by a series of scientific studies conducted by such universities as the Harvard School of Public Health and the Boston University School of Medicine about exploring wine’s possible role in preventing heart disease and other ailments.

In 1991, CBS-TV’s 60 Minutes focused on the health claims made for moderate wine consumption. A segment on The French Paradox, a book by Sonoma author Lew Perdue, focused on his claims that the French have a lower rate of heart disease then Americans, despite consuming richer, fattier foods, because they drink red wine with their meals.

In the wake of the show, domestic red wine sales reportedly soared more than 40 percent. The same thing occurred after the program was rebroadcast the following year.

Perdue now heads up SmartWired Inc., a Sonoma-based print and online publishing group devoted to wine and to combating what he calls neo-prohibitionism. His firm publishes Wine Business Insider, Wine Business Monthly, Smart Wine On-line Magazine, and To Your Health! (formerly Healthy Drinking).

According to a recent editorial by Perdue, “Mainstream newsstands and periodical distributors have been reluctant to sell [Healthy Drinking] because of the name.” He goes on to say that “despite all of the conclusive research regarding the healthful benefits of moderate alcohol consumption, juxtaposing ‘healthy’ and ‘drinking’ creates a psychological conflict. What a testament to the influence of the anti-alcohol industry!”

At a recent American Society of Enology and Viticulture convention in Reno, George Hacker of the Center for Science in the Public Interest slammed what he calls the wine industry’s “health campaign” as “an effort to get abstainers to begin and light drinkers to drink more.”

He added, “There’s a tremendous market for a flagging wine industry.”

The BATF says it will continue to examine the Wine Institute’s proposed label, and decisions are also pending on other labels submitted by the Competitive Edge Institute and by Sonoma County’s Laurel Glen Vineyard, which mention the health benefits of wine. According to De Luca, a bottleneck hanger extolling the reputed virtues of the “French Paradox,” proposed by Beringer Vineyards of St. Helena in 1992, was approved by the BATF, but rejected by other federal agencies.

BATF’s compliance chief William Earle fears that approving one label may lead to an avalanche of requests for wineries that “think they have a stroke of genius” in just how health claims should be stated. He says that referring consumers to the U.S. Dietary Guidelines “may be leaving people with a misleading impression,” adding that there may be a better mechanism to distribute the guidelines.

“They could leave a stack [of the guidelines] in the store or in winery tasting rooms,” he says. “That may be a more objective way of getting them to the consumer.”

From the August 15-21, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

the Night Shift

0

Night Owls


Janet Orsi

Graveyard shift workers brave death, danger, and boredom after dark

By Zack Stentz

SCIENCE FICTION is replete with stories of parallel universes, entire worlds that exist alongside our own, but remain unseen to the oblivious inhabitants of this mundane reality. But an alternate universe actually does exist, right here in Sonoma County. We see its inhabitants every day, buying groceries at 10 a.m. with bleary eyes, or passing us on the highway late at night, heading to work in pressed suits or nylon clerk uniforms while we’re coming home from a late evening out on the town.

They’re the workers of the night shift, the folks who keep Sonoma County running while the rest of us slumber. And while we may not always recognize them, they can usually spot each other. “You get into the night routine, you see the same people,” says Bob Pitkin, who often works the night shift at Santa Rosa Billiards. “Sometimes we acknowledge each other.”

“Yeah, we all talk to each other,” agrees service station clerk Fred Atkinson, “’cause we get the same freaks. One of us will say, ‘Hey, did the old guy missing a finger come in tonight?'”

Atkinson says he was lured into his shift by the prospect of higher wages, but has come to relish the calm and solitude that often comes with the territory. “I took this shift because I needed the money, and night shift pays a little more,” he says. “Some parts are nice. We get very few customers, and there’s no boss to bother you. You get time to yourself, to think.”

“I prefer to work at night,” agrees Santa Rosa police officer Rider. “I can respond to a call a lot faster without the traffic. I’m less of a slave to the radio, and have more of an opportunity to discover crimes on my own.”

“I don’t mind working this shift at all,” agrees Jenny, a waitress at a Santa Rosa coffee shop who declines to give her last name. She describes her regular late-night customers as “pretty normal. It’s mostly elderly people, and teens who have come back from parties but don’t want to go home yet.”

“During the day shift, there’s an abundance of people and energy, which creates a lot of stress for everyone,” confirms Michele Adelman, a Petaluma nurse who has worked the night shift in various Sonoma County hospitals on and off for 15 years. “Night people are calmer people, and you don’t have administration breathing down your neck.”

Adelman also enjoys the other benefits that come from bucking society’s diurnal focus. “It frees up other times of the day for me, which really works well for me as a single mom,” she says. “I can pick up and drop off my son at school, and spend evenings with him. We end up having six or seven hours a day together. It’s also the best shift for having a social life. I can socialize, have dinner, or go to a movie before I go to work.”

Her most unusual nighttime perk? “It has to be when the midnight babies are born on New Year’s morning,” Adelman replies. “We had one born four minutes after midnight one year.”

Adelman is aided by what she admits is the rather extraordinary ability to function well on less than 5 hours sleep per 24 hours. “It’s great I can function like that,” she says. “I feel like I’ve got eight or nine days in each week.”

Much more common is the case of fellow Sonoma County nurse Laura Close, who says: “I wouldn’t say that I enjoy it, but you learn how to make it work. It’s a matter of training your body. Most of us don’t do it full-time, but revert back and forth between the day and night shifts.”

Adelman recognizes that not all of her fellow night-shift workers function as smoothly on a nocturnal cycle. “I do have to be very clear, concise, and direct with physicians. A lot of them aren’t used to being awake and at work at that time of night.”

That a nocturnal falling off of abilities takes place isn’t difficult to believe. Looking at my own notes from interviews with night-shift workers, I see my penmanship get steadily sloppier and more crabbed as the evening progresses. By 4 a.m. or so, it resembles a page of diagonally etched cuneiform writing more than anything approaching written English. And my coherence, as revealed by the tape recorder, degenerates into slurred syllables, non sequiturs, and sentence fragments by the pre-dawn hours.

With this foe of drowsiness in common, it’s unsurprising that a feeling of comradeship would develop between those who battle sleep together. “There’s definitely an understanding between people who work at night,” says Close. “A lot of conversations center around how much sleep you’ve had. You know, ‘How many hours did you get?'”

THE BIOLOGICAL reasons behind nighttime lassitude are well documented and include a drop in core body temperature and fluctuating levels of hormones like cortisol, ACTH, and human growth hormone. One of the most famous sleep-inducing hormones is melatonin, which many night-shift workers use to help reset the body’s internal clock to be ready for sleep at odd hours.

Short of tinkering with one’s hormonal balance, Dr. Donald Greenblatt of the Sleep Disorders Center in Rochester, N.Y., recommends that night-shift workers stay alert by keeping their surroundings brightly lit (so much for bartending!), lowering the temperature of the working environment, keeping as physically active as possible, and taking brief rest periods. Many night-shift workers have stumbled across these and other techniques independent of the academic research, as anyone who has switched on the air conditioner to keep alert during a long nighttime drive can attest. “I try to take a few minutes to rest,” says Adelman. “And I use a sleep mask when I sleep during the day.”

In spite of these preventative measures, even a certified night owl like Adelman can sometimes succumb and fall into the arms of Morpheus. “I remember one night I was working at about 1 a.m. and was just exhausted,” she recalls. “I had a full board of patients, and I just leaned my head against the counter for a second. Before I knew it, I had fallen asleep standing up.”

But the consequences of bucking the human body’s internal clock go far beyond sloppy handwriting and social embarrassment. Tick through a list of major industrial disasters in recent years, from Chernobyl to Bhopal to the Exxon Valdez, and you’ll find that each occurred at night, with fatigue-induced sloppiness being implicated as a cause of the accident.

The Australian Department of Labor, for one, seems to take a perverse pleasure in collecting anecdotes of nocturnal industrial accidents that approach urban legend in their gruesomeness, as with one case when a night-shift supervisor at a textile mill went to check on a missing worker. “To his horror,” the Department of Labor’s bulletin melodramatically reports, “the deceased’s body was hanging from the beam, only partly visible, and completely wrapped in the yarn.”

THIS ISN’T THE BEST place in the world to be a night person. If New York is the city that never sleeps, Sonoma is more like the county that gets a little cranky after 10 p.m. It wasn’t always like this, recalls Santa Rosa Billiards worker Sandy Dettling, as she watches her customers rack up for a few midnight rounds of pool. “This town used to be a really neat place to be at night,” she recalls. “But that all started changing about five years ago. Now it just dies out after 8 o’clock.”

Dettling’s own establishment stays open until 1 a.m. most of the time, and 2 a.m. on Fridays and Saturdays. “We could stay open till 4 a.m.,” says fellow worker Pitkin, “but it’s not worth it to us to have to deal with some of the jerks who come in that late. Some of the people at that time of morning, let’s just say their headlights are on high beam.”

But the chemically altered folks who seem to form such a large portion of the clientele at many nocturnal establishments are nowhere to be found at Gold’s Gym on Fifth Street, where an ascetic commitment to self-improvement reigns instead. While Gold’s is not open 24 hours like some urban fitness centers, a surprising number of exercise enthusiasts can be found going through their solitary routines right up until the gym’s midnight closing. “The people here right now, they’re not here for the social scene,” says employee Miles Hadden, motioning to the patrons who grunt and strain with only their reflections in the wall mirrors for an audience. “The night people are the ones who are serious about working out.”

Indeed, evicting the late-night fitness enthusiasts this night proves more difficult than last call at a meth users’ bar, leading Hadden to jokingly threaten to release poison gas unless the patrons hustle out the door within five minutes. The last do at around 12:15 a.m., wandering off to their cars and, presumably, home.

By 12:30 a.m., the streets of Sonoma County get even quieter. Even the Domino’s Pizza in Rohnert Park, last resort of SSU potheads with the late-night munchies, is closing down. A knot of local youths hangs out at the liquor store next door, looking to buy alcohol and beef jerky. Asked what nighttime recreational opportunities Rohnert Park offers him and his friends, a teen identifying himself as Jason Thompson says in disgust: “Nothin’. Drive around, smoke blunts, drink 40s [malt liquor].”

Soon they too head off home, leaving the night to the people Atkinson calls “spunions–you know, meth users and freaks are usually the only people awake. Coffee, cigs, and donuts, that’s all any of them order at that time of night.”

Launching into a speed-rap reminiscent of Mr. Pink in Reservoir Dogs or one of the characters in Kevin Smith’s Clerks, the fast, funny, and vulgar service station clerk Atkinson makes his early-morning customers sound like extras from a Fellini or David Lynch film. Atkinson says he sees many of the same people night after night, and anoints them with nicknames that make them sound like the punch lines to a series of tasteless Native American jokes. “Yeah, we’ve got ‘Leaky Face,’ and ‘Guy Who Talks to the Doughnuts,'” he says. “One of my regulars, he came in the other night and there was this awful stench. It was only when he turned around to leave that I saw that he had shit himself and was wearing his pants on inside out.

“Cops also stop in every once in a while, and so do ambulance drivers. The worst is when the bus transporting the prisoners to Pelican Bay [the ultra-maximum security prison in Del Norte County] stops in so the prisoners can use the bathroom. It’s so disgusting in there when they leave.”

Asked about the most bizarre nocturnal visitors he’s encountered, Atkinson thinks a moment, then replies: “There was this one time these two chicks tried to pick me up. They were asking me if I wanted to go into the back room, but I took one look at them and thought, ‘Not with my brother’s dick, man.’ They were missing teeth and stuff.”

Aside from the prospect of such close encounters, there’s also the specter of robbery and violent death lurking in the background of the night shift, especially for these workers who toil alone behind the counter at 24-hour retail establishments. “I get scared sometimes,” admits Atkinson. “I’ve never been robbed, but the Shell station down on Cleveland Avenue was.”

Atkinson’s fears aren’t idle ones, but in fact are borne out by the federal Occupational Health and Safety Administration’s statistics. According to OSHA, clerks in small retail establishments made up 50 percent of the 1,071 workplace fatalities reported in 1994. Of those victims, fully 69 percent were killed while working between 9 p.m. and 5 a.m. That’s 370 dead night-shift clerks over the course of a year. When stacked up against the 162 police officers killed in the line of duty in 1995 (including deaths from on-duty heart attacks, car crashes, and other causes, not just homicides), it would seem that those danger-seeking souls lusting to put themselves in the path of a bullet would be better off tendering a job application at the local mini-mart than the police force.

Some night workers seem downright fatalistic about the risks they take. “I’ll probably get robbed someday,” says Lance, a night-shift attendant at a Windsor service station. “But I don’t worry about it. We get all the local gang members in here, but I’m mellow to them, and they never give me any problems. A lot of night-shift workers cop an attitude with their customers, and that’s where the trouble starts.”

To a disturbing extent, the victims of this trouble are those other pillars of the low-wage night shift, cab drivers. While retail clerks have a shockingly high occupational fatality rate of 23 per 100,000, cab drivers come in at over 50 dead per 100,000, which puts them in a risk category with coal miners and deep-sea divers.

So, as 4 a.m. approaches with the first signs of dawn only minutes away, I search the streets looking for a taxi driver to interview, hoping for one who’ll give me lots of Travis Bickle-like quotes about all the animals coming out at night and rain washing the scum off the streets. Luck is on my side. A lone taxicab idles along the side of Santa Rosa Avenue, near the downtown transit center. I approach slowly, hoping he won’t mistake me for a late-night crazy, but stop short of rapping on his passenger window when I see him slumped against the wheel of his vehicle. OSHA’s mortality statistics fresh in my mind, I recoil in shock and panic before realizing that the driver is the victim of nothing more sinister than his own circadian rhythms. The poor man is fast asleep.

Time to call it a night.

From the August 15-21, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Tom Ribbecke

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High Strung

By Gretchen Giles

EVEN PETE TOWNSHEND, the Who frontman famous for splintering his axes all over the stage in a fury of youth, would think twice about smashing a Ribbecke guitar. And it’s doubtful if Tom Ribbecke would ever make him another if he did. Each of them created during the labor of one month’s time and crafted from wood that Ribbecke calls “the gems of the earth,” these guitars can’t be bought from the music center down the street, and require such intense personal interaction between maker and client for the creation of tonality and voice that smashing one would be tantamount to taking a significant portion of one’s salary and dreams and stomping wickedly upon them.

Priced from between $5,000 to $20,000, these completely handmade instruments bring together a Zen synthesis of woodworking expertise, physics, people skills, and business smarts that satisfy the soul. “It’s a pretty romantic living,” Ribbecke admits, standing in the light-shafted, sweet-smelling order of his Healdsburg studio. “It’s a wonderful discipline, it’s a spiritual discipline. It’s physics and alchemy and marketing, and it’s something that you do with your hands.”

A luthier by profession for some 23 years–“That’s a highfalutin way of saying guitar maker,” he chuckles–Ribbecke is just one of the many instrument artisans who will be represented at the Healdsburg Guitar Makers Festival Aug. 21-23. Ribbecke’s specialty is the creation of jazz-oriented arch-top guitars that bell upward for a distinctive sound. “You think of people like Wes Montgomery and George Benson when you think of arch-top guitars,” he says.

A self-professed “fair to middling guitarist,” Ribbecke used to balance his making with his playing. Now he stays strictly on the aproned side of the stage. “About two years ago,” he recalls, “I had a six-week gig down in San Jose over Christmas, and on Christmas Eve–during my fifth week of doing this four nights a week–I was looking out over the audience, and it was a piano bar, and some guy threw up his gin and tonic on my feet. You know, who are you going to see in a bar on Christmas Eve except the most dysfunctional? It was like the Star Wars bar scene. I looked at those people, and I looked at myself and said, ‘I’ve got to stop this, I’m getting too old for this particular environment.’

“After that, I just sort of hung it up.”

Looking around his workshop, he elaborates, “This is too demanding. This takes so much of your spirit.” Now Ribbecke sells to players and collectors, recently returning from an L.A. trip where he sold two of his specialty instruments to pop-phenom Seal.

“Professionals are buying the guitars, and professionals are funny,” he says, “because they don’t really like to pay for them. I’ve just had a wonderful experience, though, with that guy Seal. He ordered two guitars, paid full price–a wonderful gentleman, intelligent focus. Guys like that are rare. Most artists get discounts for endorsing big companies. If you look at the other segment of the market, it’s baby boomers and jazz musicians.”

Because Ribbecke won’t discount for endorsements, he also prefers not to drop the names of his other clients.

While Ribbecke is clearly on a quest for perfection–a goal that he admits is impossible–he probably wouldn’t spend 12 hours a day, six days a week in his workshop if it weren’t for his materials. Pointing up to the loft rimming half his studio, he says “If you look at all the wood up there, I’ve had some of these woods for 10 years, sometimes 15. It’s like wine. One piece of that wood up there is about $250, and it’s not only that, but it’s the search for the wood. Instrument woods are the gems of the woodworking world . . . and this material here is so rare that it’s a privilege to work with.”

Picking up a guitar body backed in mahogany, Ribbecke applies a small amount of naptha fluid to the surface. The deep golden, rippling patterns and tone of the material immediately spring to life. “This is the most extraordinary wood I’ve ever seen,” he says reverently. Hewn from a tree felled some 75 years ago because it blocked the entrance to a silver mine being dug near a Mayan temple, the wood has an extraordinary quality of grain that makes this “the one tree of its kind ever found in its category,” according to Ribbecke. “A friend of mine found this tree about 30 years ago in Belize. He was drinking with some miners down there and was looking for wood, and they said, ‘You want to see a tree, we’ll show you a tree.’ Well, he saw this tree–he was a wood dealer from Sausalito–and knew immediately what it was worth, and helicoptered it out at huge expense.

“Personally speaking, I don’t use this material just for money, I use it only for the best client,” he says, stroking the guitar’s back. “And this is something from the jungle, this is just gorgeous. See the huge, reptilian patterns. This is magnificent stuff. When you have a chance to work with wood like this, the money is irrelevant. The thrill is that this is the best that the earth has to offer. I think that you’ll find with the best guitar makers, most have incredible reverence for their materials.”

Later, Ribbecke says philosophically, “It’s a great thing to do with your life, but it’s not brain surgery. You know, I’m not solving the problems in the Middle East. I’m making guitars.”

The Healdsburg Guitar Makers Festival runs Wednesday, Aug. 21, through Friday, Aug. 23, with workshops from 9 a.m. to noon and luthier exhibits from 1 to 5 p.m. at Villa Chanticleer. Adjunct events include flamenco guitarist Mark Taylor Aug. 21 at 8 p.m. at the Mark West Winery; the Acoustic Café concert Aug. 22 at 8 p.m. at the Raven Theater with Alex de Grassi, Sharon Isbin, Alvin Youngblood Hart, and the Hot Club; and jam sessions Aug. 23 at 9 p.m. with Richard Prenkert at the Flying Goat Coffee Roastery Café, and at 9:30 p.m. with Tom Ribbecke at the Bear Republic Brewing Co. For details, call 431-1814.

From the August 15-21, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Les Claypool

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Gone Fishin’

Sportin’ Life:
Les Claypool
debuts his
solo project
Aug. 23 in
Petaluma.

Photo by Gemm LaMana

Primus’ Les Claypool goes solo

By Greg Cahill

LITTLE DITTIES. That’s what bassist Les Claypool–head honcho for the Grammy-nominated thrash-funk group Primus–calls the songs on his new solo album. “I’ve always had some sort of a porta-studio in my house and have accumulated quite a few tapes filled with jams, ramblings, and whatnot,” explains Claypool, who recorded most of the tracks at Rancho Relaxo, his home near the Sonoma County coast. “Our manager has been on my case for a while to compile them into some sort of a record.

“I still have barely scratched the surface, even though there are 15 songs on it.”

The result is Les Claypool and the Holy Mackerel’s Highball with the Devil (Interscope), a surrealistic set of “pure self-indulgences”–lyrically cartoony, sonically hallucinogenic song sketches laced with smatterings of twangy surf guitar, early Pink Floyd psychedelia, herky-jerky rhythms, and abstract jazz stylings.

For the new solo project, set for an Aug. 27 release, Claypool invited friends to send material and used a revolving lineup of players. Former Black Flag front- man Henry Rollins came through with a biting spoken-word piece, “Delicate Tendrils.” Drummer Jay Lane of Sausage lends “fat-ass beats” to several tracks, including “The Awakening,” a little-known bass and drum rave-up by late soul singer Otis Redding’s son Dexter. Guitarists include Bay Area jazzman Charlie Hunter, Joe Gore of the Tom Waits band, and Mark Haggard of M.I.R.V., who plays a bowed electrified hand saw on “Cohibas Esplenditos.”

Claypool plans only a handful of solo concerts, citing a desire to stay close to his newborn son, Cage Oliver. But he will perform Aug. 23 at the Phoenix Theatre in Petaluma. Over the years, that punk/ska emporium has been a favorite of his. In 1993, Primus previewed their headlining Lollapalooza show there and later filmed the John the Fisherman video at the Petaluma venue.

“We have a pretty strong history with the Phoenix,” Claypool says. “I thought it would be a good place to go back to again.”

Two years ago, Claypool–an avid fisherman–and his wife moved from Berkeley to Bodega. “It just kind of happened,” he says of his decision to settle into a rural setting–a move that seems appropriate when you consider that Claypool often stalks the stage wearing a straw hat, cackling like a crazed hillbilly, and evoking a sort of farm-boy-on-acid persona. “I didn’t know much about the area until I moved up here. We all knew that Bodega is the place where Alfred Hitchcock filmed The Birds. But I never really spent much time up here, though Primus used to do shows at the River Theater in Guerneville and then the Phoenix.

“That was back in the good old days,” he notes, adding with the mischievous chuckle that often punctuates his conversation. “As long as you’re smiling, it’s a good old day.”

THESE DAYS, Claypool is busily auditioning drummers, following the recent announcement that Tim “Herb” Alexander has quit Primus. “It was something we had talked about for a long time because it seemed like [the relationship] was drifting farther and farther apart and Herb wanted to take the band in a different direction,” says Claypool, noting that he maintains a close relationship with Primus guitarist Larry LaLonde. “He was unhappy and that was making the rest of us unhappy, so it was a long time coming.

“It was like a marriage that just went bad.”

Alexander’s departure means that Primus will be moving in a different musical direction. “Well, it’s not something that you can put your finger on,” Claypool says about the change. “I’ve always felt that the band had become a little more progressive than I ever wanted; I never wanted to be in a progressive rock band, but Primus was leaning in that direction. So I’ll be happy to see it not go in that direction on the next record.”

Those “little ditties” that dominate the Holy Mackerel project and occasionally surface on Primus records may serve as a signpost for Primus’ new direction. All Claypool can say for sure is that he wants to feel good about collaborating with the new drummer. “It’s always an amazing thing when you sit down with somebody that you can click with,” he says. “When you sit down with a musician–no matter how good they are–and don’t click, it’s just not fun. But when you can do that consistently it’s great.

“That’s what I’m always striving for, just to enjoy myself when I play.”

Les Claypool and the Holy Mackerel perform Friday, Aug. 23, at the Phoenix Theatre, 201 Washington St., Petaluma. M.I.R.V. and Saturn’s Flea Collar open the show. $12. 762-3566 or 762-3565.

From the August 15-21, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Vampires

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Interview with the Vampires


Photos of Third Street vampires by Janet Orsi.

Role-playing bloodsuckers invade Sonoma County

By David Templeton

NIGHT HAS FALLEN completely over Third Street in downtown Santa Rosa. The sky is black and moonless. The streetlights glow dully, casting cottony shadows upon the walk, as four chattering moviegoers bound from the neon innards of the nearby theater. Nodding cordially to a threesome of diners who have just exited the restaurant next door, they are now joined noiselessly by a uniformed, homeward-bound cashier from an ice cream store down the street.

Without ceremony, barely aware of one another’s presence, this unofficial group all proceed together toward a common destination: the cavernous parking garage only a few short yards behind the theater. Stepping into the narrow corridor that leads to the Comstock Mall courtyard, the pedestrians begin to move across the alley and into the garage. Suddenly, they freeze in their tracks.

“What the hell is that?” mutters one of the theatergoers, as a tall, black-caped phantom, pale of face and graceful in movement, steps out in front of them, bowing formally.

“Good evening,” he whispers, and with flurry of his cape, folds himself around a corner, disappearing once more into the darkness. In the shadows beyond, similar figures are visible now, moving about mysteriously in the gloom.

“Vampires,” coughs the cashier.

Vampires?” laughs one young woman. “Jesus!”

“They come downtown on Sunday night,” explains the cashier with a weary nod. “You kind of get used to it.”

VAMPIRES. In Sonoma County. Hundreds of them. It’s true. The cultural progeny of novelist Anne Rice, their numbers have been growing steadily for over a decade. They have kin in San Francisco, San Jose, Santa Cruz, Pleasant Hill, Los Angeles, San Diego, and across the world. Many of these vampires are unrecognizable as such, they look like you or me, while others are more, shall we say, conspicuous.

A varied lot, they are enthusiastic slaves to the peculiar tenets of un-dead culture and gothic kitsch. Most of them are in their teens or early 20s. The serious ones observe a dress code: black tights, black cape, frilly collar, white-face optional, half-inch fangs a definite plus. Some are mere dabblers, “weekend vampires,” as it were. Among these are the fangy exhibitionists described earlier, a group of 80-plus young people that gathers each week in various locations around the county, participating in a complex, internationally popular vampire-themed role-playing game. It has become so popular, in fact, that the imposing bunch was politely asked by the city of Santa Rosa to relocate from their long-held Courthouse Square location. Eager to please, they relocated to the Comstock Mall, one street over, where they are now free to role-play in relative obscurity.

Falling between these two poles of Dracula-like existence are myriad murky gradations of otherworldly behavior, including certain artists and musicians, vampires of the mind who, in a spirit of whimsical social displacement, are the authors of some remarkably creative works of art. There is vampire poetry, vampire fiction, and vampire true confession. There is vampire dancing, vampire painting, vampire performance art, and vampire rock and roll. There are vampire rituals, vampire support groups, vampire dentists, and vampire shopping networks. Even the Internet has been invaded, with upwards of a thousand websites and chat groups devoted to all things .

It must give one pause. Though the myth of vampires is nothing new–the immortal little bloodsuckers have been a part of humankind’s folklore for centuries–it is only recently that vampires have become bona fide role models.

Has the world really become this weird?

The only appropriate answer is, well, yes, it has.

SMITTY WAS ALREADY dead,” smolders Cisco McKeever, dressed in rags and hungry for blood. “He never asked to be brought back from the dead, only to be killed again. He never asked to be chased down the street and then have his heart ripped out!” McKeever, enthusiastically consumed with revenge, is playing the part of an influential member of the vampire clan Malkavian, one of seven major clans described in the guidebooks for the role-playing game Vampire: The Masquerade (White Wolf Publishing).

McKeever is petitioning a group of fellow vampires to join her in an attack on poor Smitty’s destroyer, a fellow who, we are told, is part werewolf and who clearly does not want to die. Surrounded by Malkavians, Brujahs, Ventrues, Nosferatus, , and Toreadors, the werewolf battles fiercely for his life against a small army of attackers, a battle that takes the elegant form of . . . rock, paper, scissors. (He loses, but after a formal protest, is resurrected, no doubt to rip more hearts from the chests of unsuspecting un-dead people.)

The one-eyed Vampire Prince, played with dashing flair by Daniel Franco, glides up to find out what the fuss is about. “Well,” he says, observing the virtual carnage before us, “carry on then.”

As the prince wanders off again, one onlooking vampire comments, “This isn’t a democracy, you know. This is Roman fucking darkness.”

Without warning, a magic-using vampire, known as a Tremere, appears before us. Played by Pete Magnetti, the founder and organizer of the Sonoma County Vampyre group, he commands immediate respect from the players nearby, all of whom bow their heads before him. “Thunderstorm!” Magnetti shouts at one vampire. “If I don’t make it I lose 10 mental traits, but if I do I’ve got one kick-ass storm.”

He holds out a fist, as does the other. One, two, three. Magnetti’s paper beats his opponent’s rock. “Why did that Tremere just make a storm?” wonders Chris Piazzo, as Magnetti disappears.

Piazzo is the club’s official bookkeeper and, along with McKeever, is one of its earliest members. A full-time physics major at SRJC, he volunteers five to 10 hours per week to keep track of all the players’ successes and defeats, a job that cannot be simple.

As the evening develops, there are more battles and backstabbings as the Kindred jockey for more powerful social positions. At one point, it is announced that someone caused an explosion that has attracted the attention of federal agents, the leader of whom is played by Magnetti. While the agents argue with various people pretending to be vampires pretending to be people, dozens of players wander about with one finger pressed to their temple, a sign that they have made themselves invisible. Appropriately, everyone ignores them.

When a fellow with an outrageous Russian accent begins to murmur conspiratorially to a band of punkish-looking thugs, this reporter (apparently mistaken for a vampire who is pretending to be a reporter) is accosted by one of the thugs. When the vampire is told that the reporter is only observing, he points to the far side of the performance area. “Well,” he snarls, “you can observe better from over there!”

“He’s a Brujah,” McKeever explains later. “They’re supposed to act like that.”

Vampire: The Masquerade is the cornerstone of White Wolf Publishing’s immensely popular World of Darkness line of role-playing games. Launched in the fall of 1991 as a standard Dungeons and Dragons­type tabletop game, Vampire has quickly developed into the full-scale improvisational theater game that has made it one of the most successful gaming products ever, with dozens of books and related items. It even spawned a Fox TV series, the short-lived Kindred: The Embraced.

Vampire, as soon as it came out, struck some kind of nerve,” says Kris Nelson of Fantasy Books and Games in Santa Rosa. Among the first merchants in the county to offer the Vampire line, Nelson now counts them among his better-selling products.

“I saw this as being something that could become very popular with the Anne Rice crowd,” he nods. “But I had no idea how big it would get. I mean, who would have guessed that this many people would want to be vampires?”

“The vampire is a very romantic figure,” explains Magnetti, a professional dental technician (he designs dentures, and yes, he will custom-design a set of removable fangs) when he’s not refereeing his complicated multicharacter storylines. “The vampire is a figure that is at once both monstrous and tragic. They are victims, set upon by the one who embraced them and made them vampires. Though you are a predator, at the top of the food chain, and though you commit acts that are barbaric and hellish, you remember your humanity still. You remember what it was like to have human values.”

Though Magnetti does not deny that playing a vampire is a major part of the thrill of the game, he points out another reason that Vampire is so popular. “Its a very social game,” he suggests. “Face it, we live in a vastly impersonal society. We do not hold up the same values of civility and respect for one another that we once did. Strangely enough, while pretending to be vampires, we are also learning to deal with one another through specific rules of social conduct. Respect for our elders, for instance, and your basic, all-important politeness. Vampires, if nothing else, are very polite. What develops then, is a specific social interaction in which real friendships can begin.”

This is borne out in the stories of over a dozen players, who describe friendships, job referrals, even true love that have blossomed amid all the ghoulish pageantry and convoluted mythology. Magnetti has repeatedly stressed the word pretend, making it clear that he does not encourage acting out of the less socially acceptable aspects of vampirism. “Sometimes,” he laughs gently, “I’ll see someone who has begun obsessing on the game, trying to take it into the real world, and I’ll have to take them aside and say, ‘Hey, man! What are you doing? Get a grip. There is no such thing as vampires!'”

IT IS APPROACHING midnight. A slight chill has just begun to infiltrate the midsummer warmth of the evening. Within the “sacred grove” located behind the eerie Sonoma ranch house of artist/musician Stephen Buchanan, a small bonfire is crackling, sending spirals of smoke into a star-filled sky. Around the edges of the circular grove, two dozen or so people have gathered to participate in Buchanan’s monthly full-moon ritual and potluck dinner. Their garb and basic appearance are familiar, with the requisite capes, tights, and pale, powdered faces. With but one or two exceptions, all of those gathered here tonight are vampires.

Unlike their role-playing brethren, whom Buchanan and friends deride as “wannabes,” these individuals regard the title “vampire” with the utmost seriousness. One look at Buchanan’s permanently capped and pointed fangs, the result of his dentist’s specialized artistry, and you will know that he is not just playing a game. “I’m the real thing,” he smiles. “I am a vampire.”

Buchanan is the founder/director of , a highly regarded experimental theater group that is exclusively devoted to vampire-themed works. Last year, Buchanan staged his sensation-causing play Nosferatu before unsuspecting audiences in several countries. His next production, titled When Madness Is Salvation, is being readied for its October debut at the Valley of the Moon Winery, a recurrent spot for NeoDanze performances.

A painter, poet, and sculptor, as well as an actor and musician, Buchanan has reflected a vampire’s sensibility in his work since he was “converted” to vampirism about six years ago. His house is deliriously gothic, decorated with gargoyles and candles, huge shackles and chains adorning the walls, a terrarium with a pair of black widows. Then there is his artwork, giant paintings of draped and brooding men and women, all fanged and full of fun.

“I wanted a central theme that would tie all my art together,” he says, now gazing affectionately across the grove at his assembled companions. “When I found the vampire thing, it just sort of fit. It’s completely international, it’s completely ageless. It’s erotic and sensuous and very appealing.”

What is it, exactly, that Buchanan finds erotic about being a vampire? Is it the darkness of it, the danger of it? The promise of immortality?

“Yeah, it’s the darkness and the danger,” he nods. “And it’s also about biting somebody. Tasting their blood. There’s a powerful feeling in that. As for immortality, if you are an artist you already have that.”

He grins agreeably, the sharp points of those fangs just visible in his smile. Speaking of those fangs, Buchanan points out that the man who gave him his special bite is also his partner in an entirely different artistic venture.

“Every Wednesday I go to Alameda,” he explains. “And we do a cable access television show. My dentist is the producer. I’m the director. It’s called Canvas Cavity. It’s a combination of professional wrestling, dentistry, and vampirism.”

That’s must-see TV for darn sure. “Its the weirdest show you ever saw in your life,” he laughs, adding that the wrestling aspect has made it so popular that it is seen in 26 markets and five countries.

The moment of the full-moon ritual draws closer. Resembling a performance art piece with music, the ritual will consist primarily of the reading, in English and German, of a variation on an old druidic text, preceded by the clashing of swords and culminating in a loud, joyous yelp at the moon. But first, a casual mingling among the guests, many of whom are resting on prop coffins from Nosferatu, reveals several others who share Buchanan’s vascular notions of eroticism.

“The only people I drink from are willing participants, with similar interests,” explains one tall and slender fellow dressed in black, wearing a prominent crucifix around his neck. “People hear that and kind of freak out,” he shrugs. “But it’s not like I drain them dry or anything. Just a few ounces.”

At moments like this, one wonders if it is best to change the subject or to go ahead and ask the questions that are leaping to mind. Questions like, “Are you pulling my leg?” and “Aren’t you worried about blood-transmitted diseases?,” or even short ineloquent questions like “Why?”

“Why do I drink blood?” the tall man repeats as if the answer should be obvious. “Probably because we are not supposed to. Its a sin, right? And there is tremendous erotic power in the breaking of taboos. The taking of blood can also be a very sensuous, very loving thing.”

“Something else that is very important,” Buchanan interjects, “is the whole concept of light and dark. The balance between the two. We all hold them both within us. I am the darkness, as a vampire, but I am also the light, as a vampire. We hold the beast at bay.”

It’s true then. Undeniably so. The world has grown stranger.

And perhaps that is just the point, unconscious or not, that these unconventional souls are attempting to make. By meeting on lonely hillsides beneath the luminant moon, by flashing an occasional sharp-toothed grin, or by parading downtown in full view, they are saying, in effect, “Look up. Look around. The world is stranger than you think.”

Then again, any vampire worth his or her salt will quickly add that the world has always been weird, weird to the core. Weirder, wilder, and more beguiling than most poor mortals will ever know.

From the August 8-14, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

Talking Pictures

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See No Evil


MICHAEL HELMS

Sinister scribe: ‘Dark Debts’ author Karen Hall offers her take on the celluloid scare-fest ‘The Frighteners.’

Karen Hall doesn’t scare easily

By David Templeton

Writer David Templeton takes interesting people to interesting movies in a quest for the ultimate post-film conversation. This time out, he talks with the unconventional, L.A.-based horror novelist Karen Hall (Dark Debts) about the clamorous, tacky new schlock-comedy The Frighteners.

WELL, I WENT and saw it,” confirms novelist Karen Hall, her gentle Georgian twang morphing smoothly into a soft, bemused chuckle over the phone. “If I had to choose between seeing this movie again and going through labor again–it would be a very tough choice.”

I see.

, from New Zealand director Peter Hall (Heavenly Creatures), concerns a burned-out ghostbusting con man (Michael J. Fox) who really can see spirits. When the Grim Reaper–or is it the Devil?–comes to town and starts ripping people’s hearts out, Fox is accused of the murders and so teams up with some deceased compadres to battle the Evil One, along with a nutcase FBI agent and the ghost of a serial killer, rising from his urn of ashes to continue the slaughter he was executed for. To call it all “campy” is being too generous; it’s got some loony energy, but on the whole, it’s a sad waste of good special effects.

“I actually read one review that gave it an A-minus,” Hall laughs. “I find this truly terrifying.”

Karen Hall doesn’t scare easily. A respected television writer and producer, she has just published what might be the most frightening novel of the year. Dark Debts (Random House, 1996), her first novel, is a captivating, extremely intelligent, well-crafted tale of a sexy Jesuit priest whose esoteric beliefs in evil are shattered when he comes face to face with the Devil, in the form of a demon that is systematically possessing and destroying each member of an entire family. Not your typical exorcism gorefest, Dark Debts is deeply, probingly spiritual: a page-turning, philosophical brainteaser that examines the nature of evil and the nature of faith, and dares to ask the question, “Just what the hell was God thinking about when he set things up this way?”

“Evil is something that I’ve been thinking about all my life,” says Hall, who comes from a fundamentalist Christian background. “I’ve read everything I can get my hands on. I’ve thought about it constantly. If God exists, then it doesn’t make sense for evil to exist, unless it’s OK with God, and if it’s OK with God, then I just don’t get it.

The Frighteners actually helped me understand a little bit about why I want to do what I want to do. See, to me, evil doesn’t work as a concept unless there is something more on the other side of it than just an aversion to evil.

“And this movie didn’t have any kind of dignity or humanity about creation that was glorious, so that it didn’t matter if anyone was destroyed. That’s why the movie was offensive to me.

“Good and evil are not some chicken-and-egg thing,” she goes on. “I think you have to understand good, at least a little, before evil makes any sense, before it is frightening. That’s why, in the book, there’s the dream sequence with the Guy in the Flannel Shirt (Jesus), whom I put in there even though a voice in my head was going, ‘People are going to read this and go screaming in the other direction!’ But it seemed right to me. If I had this personification of evil, I wanted a personification of good. Putting him in a flannel shirt was just common sense. Jesus didn’t come down here in some halo. He was hanging out with hookers and outcasts and guys who smelled like fish. He’d be somebody who’d just roll up his sleeves and get in there.”

She recalls the final segment of the film, where Fox is desperately battling his way through an abandoned hospital, trying to take the killer’s ashes to the consecrated ground of the chapel.

“I thought, ‘Now this is interesting. What are they going to do when they get there? Are they going to talk to God?’ ‘Cause up to that point there was no mention of anything good enough to balance out the all the evil.” Her hopes for a spiritual catharsis were dashed, however–the crazy FBI agent shows up just in time to trigger more messy FX. They never even make it to the chapel.

“Evil is hip in Hollywood,” Hall muses. “And I don’t know why.” She laughs again, saying, “I am now going to obsess about this for the rest of the day. Good is always shown onscreen as being either unattainable perfection or just kind of wimpy. But I believe in a real earthy kind of goodness. I think goodness can contain flawed humanity.”

It is clear why Hall was uncomfortable with the black-and-white fundamentalism of her youth.

“I’ve spent a lot of time ranting at fundamentalists,” she says. “It’s one of my causes in life. To me they represent everything that Christianity was never meant to be. They’re like a photo-negative of Jesus.

“I have one insane Jesuit friend, and he says, ‘You know you’ve created God in your own image when he hates all the same people you do.'”

She laughs. “I just have a hard time believing in a God who is less compassionate than I am.”

From the August 8-14, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent

This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metrosa, Inc.

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